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Reducing pig mortality through supervision during the perinatal period. 1995

P K Holyoake, and G D Dial, and T Trigg, and V L King
Department of Clinical and Population Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108, USA.

A study was undertaken on a commercial swine farm to investigate methods of reducing perinatal mortality. During a 12-wk period, 251 sows and gilts were assigned randomly to one of four treatment groups in a 2 x 2 factorial design: 1) supervised/induced, 2) supervised/non-induced, 3) unsupervised/induced, and 4) unsupervised/non-induced. Supervised groups of sows and their litter were observed constantly for a minimum of 3 h before and until 3 d after farrowing. The onset of farrowing was induced with 250 micrograms of cloprostenol administered into the vulvo-vestibular mucosa. There was an increase (P = .012) in the number of pigs weaned from supervised (10.17 pigs/litter) relative to unsupervised group (9.44 pigs/litter). This increase was due to a reduction (P = .001) in both the number of stillborn pigs and the mortality of live-born pigs (P = .026). The latter resulted from fewer pigs that died (P = .003). Induction did not influence the mortality of pigs in the perinatal period in unsupervised groups. Induced sows farrowed an average of .43 d earlier than non-induced sows (P = .029). The mean interval from prostaglandin treatment to farrowing was 23.87 h (SD = 10.96). The results of this study suggest that a controlled farrowing system, coupled with good supervision, can improve pig survival. Financial analyses, based on improvements in pig survival resulting from additional labor in the farrowing house, suggested that this method of reducing preweaning mortality is a viable option for improving the profitability of commercial pig farms.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007751 Labor, Induced Artificially induced UTERINE CONTRACTION. Induced Labor,Induction of Labor,Labor Induced,Labor Induction,Induced, Labor,Induction, Labor,Inductions, Labor,Labor Inductions
D009026 Mortality All deaths reported in a given population. CFR Case Fatality Rate,Crude Death Rate,Crude Mortality Rate,Death Rate,Age Specific Death Rate,Age-Specific Death Rate,Case Fatality Rate,Decline, Mortality,Determinants, Mortality,Differential Mortality,Excess Mortality,Mortality Decline,Mortality Determinants,Mortality Rate,Mortality, Differential,Mortality, Excess,Age-Specific Death Rates,Case Fatality Rates,Crude Death Rates,Crude Mortality Rates,Death Rate, Age-Specific,Death Rate, Crude,Death Rates,Determinant, Mortality,Differential Mortalities,Excess Mortalities,Mortalities,Mortality Declines,Mortality Determinant,Mortality Rate, Crude,Mortality Rates,Rate, Age-Specific Death,Rate, Case Fatality,Rate, Crude Death,Rate, Crude Mortality,Rate, Death,Rate, Mortality,Rates, Case Fatality
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011459 Prostaglandins E, Synthetic Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins E that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not include the product of the chemical synthesis of hormonal PGE. PGE Synthetic,Prostaglandin E Analogs,Prostaglandin E Analogues,Synthetic Prostaglandins E,Analogs, Prostaglandin E,Analogues, Prostaglandin E,Synthetic, PGE
D011897 Random Allocation A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. Randomization,Allocation, Random
D001724 Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Birthweight,Birth Weights,Birthweights,Weight, Birth,Weights, Birth
D003008 Cloprostenol A synthetic prostaglandin F2alpha analog. The compound has luteolytic effects and is used for the synchronization of estrus in cattle. Cloprostenol Monosodium Salt,Cloprostenol Sodium,Estrumate,ICI-80,966,Oestrophan,ICI 80,966,ICI80,966,Monosodium Salt, Cloprostenol,Salt, Cloprostenol Monosodium,Sodium, Cloprostenol
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000822 Animal Husbandry The science of breeding, feeding and care of domestic animals; includes housing and nutrition. Animal Husbandries,Husbandries, Animal,Husbandry, Animal

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