Biomaterial Database

Abnormalities in the mitochondrial permeability transition in diabetic rats. 1996

B S Kristal, and M Matsuda, and B P Yu

Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7756, USA.

Evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes led us to examine whether diabetes altered the nature of the mitochondrial permeability transition. Our data reveal three diabetes-associated abnormalities in PT function: consistently delayed induction with calcium-phosphate, a variable delay with calcium-t-butyl-hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), and an enhanced magnitude of response. The consistently delayed induction in calcium and phosphate is correlated with serum glucose levels, and is consistent with known changes in calcium uniporter function in diabetics. These data expand our knowledge of diabetes-associated abnormalities in mitochondrial function, represent the first evidence that the PT is altered by chronic disease, and provide potential partial mechanistic explanations for the previously observed resistance of diabetic tissues to ischemia-reperfusion injury and the altered Ca2+ homeostasis in diabetics.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008930	Mitochondria, Liver	Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)	Liver Mitochondria,Liver Mitochondrion,Mitochondrion, Liver
D010539	Permeability	Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.	Permeabilities
D010545	Peroxides	A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They can either be inorganic or organic in nature. Such compounds release atomic (nascent) oxygen readily. Thus they are strong oxidizing agents and fire hazards when in contact with combustible materials, especially under high-temperature conditions. The chief industrial uses of peroxides are as oxidizing agents, bleaching agents, and initiators of polymerization. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)	Peroxide
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002130	Calcium Phosphates	Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.	Phosphates, Calcium
D003921	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by PANCREATECTOMY.	Alloxan Diabetes,Streptozocin Diabetes,Streptozotocin Diabetes,Experimental Diabetes Mellitus,Diabete, Streptozocin,Diabetes, Alloxan,Diabetes, Streptozocin,Diabetes, Streptozotocin,Streptozocin Diabete
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012402	Rotenone	A botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport.