Breast conservation is not a commonly prescribed treatment option for breast cancer in Taiwan. We report 42 patients with 43 early-stage breast cancers who were treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy at the Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center from April 1990 to December 1994. Included in this study were 33 patients with stage I cancers and 10 with stage II. Breast-conserving surgery consisted of wide local excision and ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection. Radiotherapy was given 2 to 6 weeks after surgery, with a dose of 46 to 50 Gy, 2 Gy per fraction per day, to the whole breast, and an additional 14 to 18 Gy to the original tumor site. Irradiation to the regional lymph nodes was not performed in patients with negative axillary lymph nodes. Sixteen out of 43 (37%) patients were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The local control rate 3 years after treatment was 97% and relapse-free survival was 91%. The cosmetic outcome in 41 treated breasts that were rendered relapse-free by conserving treatment were evaluated and graded by the physicians as excellent, good, fair or poor using a standardized scale. Forty breasts (98%) were scored as excellent or good for their cosmetic results. Breast-conserving surgery and radio-therapy offer Taiwanese women with early breast cancer excellent local control and a highly satisfactory cosmetic outcome.