A survey was conducted of the telephone callers who sought advice from the accident and emergency department of a 250 bed public hospital. The aim of the one month long survey was to determine the extent of the department's telephone triage and whether there was a need for formal protocols that reflected the medical and legal responsibilities attached to giving health-related advice by telephone. The study found that 206 calls seeking advice were received; 79% of calls were of less than five minutes' duration and 40% were made between 6pm and 12mn. Callers were advised by the registered nurses or doctors who happened to answer the telephone and there were no guidelines and no documentation of calls. As a result of the study, the Riverina Health Service instituted telephone triage protocols for all hospitals in its area and nurses now receive inservice education about their telephone triage role and responsibilities.