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Integrated control of Onchocerca volvulus infection in a hyperendemic zone in Sierra Leone. 1996

A A Gbakima
Department of Biological Sciences, Njala University College, University of Sierra Leone, West Africa.

A simplified integrated method of onchocerciasis control involving mass chemotherapy with ivermectin, nodulectomy and health education was carried out in south central Sierra Leone. The prevalence of Onchocerca volvulus in the village community ranged from a low of 7.4% among the International School children to a high of 97.0% in Gbessebu. There was a significant (3-4%) overall reduction in the rate of infection after one year of ivermectin treatment (G = 2565.97, df = 11, P < 0.001). In addition, ivermectin treatment had a significant effect on the college community (G = 1168.21, df = 5, P < 0.001) and from year to year (G = 187.29, df = 1, P < 0.001), though the effect indicates the reduction varied between communities. Mass ivermectin treatment significantly (G = 1 3.79, df = 1, P < 0.005) reduced the rate of infection among school children, while the prevalence and intensity of infection was reduced by nodulectomy. Health education involving the community gave us an entry point and allowed us to gain the maximum cooperation and participation from the communities.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007559 Ivermectin A mixture of mostly avermectin H2B1a (RN 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (RN 70209-81-3), which are macrolides from STREPTOMYCES avermitilis. It binds glutamate-gated chloride channel to cause increased permeability and hyperpolarization of nerve and muscle cells. It also interacts with other CHLORIDE CHANNELS. It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic that is active against microfilariae of ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS but not the adult form. Eqvalan,Ivomec,MK-933,Mectizan,Stromectol,MK 933,MK933
D009855 Onchocerciasis Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA. Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules filled with adult worms, PRURITUS, and ocular lesions. Onchocerciases
D010353 Patient Education as Topic The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs. Education of Patients,Education, Patient,Patient Education
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D003131 Combined Modality Therapy The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used. Multimodal Treatment,Therapy, Combined Modality,Combined Modality Therapies,Modality Therapies, Combined,Modality Therapy, Combined,Multimodal Treatments,Therapies, Combined Modality,Treatment, Multimodal,Treatments, Multimodal
D003256 Community Participation Involvement of members of the community in the affairs of that community. Community Action,Consumer Involvement,Consumer Participation,Community Involvement,Public Participation,Action, Community,Actions, Community,Community Actions,Community Involvements,Consumer Involvements,Involvement, Community,Involvement, Consumer,Involvements, Community,Participation, Community,Participation, Consumer,Participation, Public
D005369 Filaricides Pharmacological agents destructive to nematodes in the superfamily Filarioidea.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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