Biomaterial Database

[Presence of a pathway for biosynthesis of UDP-glucose in the Golgi apparatus of rat hepatocytes]. 1977

G Berthillier, and R Got

Glucokinase, phosphoglucomutase and glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase are the three enzymes involved in a microsomic pathway for the synthesis of UDP glucose. Evidence is given, in this paper, for the localization of these three enzymes in a Golgi-rich fraction of rat liver. This fraction is prepared, from smooth microsomes, by the means of a discontinuous four-step sucrose gradient. Three of the lighter fractions (d = 1.08-1.13) are enriched in the Golgi markers (galactosyltransferase, sialytransferase and thiamin pyrophosphatase), especially the one with density 1.13. The three enzymes we are interested in are enriched in the two upper hands (d 1.08-1.11), which display an activity for the biosynthesis of UDP-glucose from glucose equivalent to the one obtained in a crude microsomic preparation, and which are not contaminated by other subcellular components.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D010733	Phosphoglucomutase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha D-glucose 1-phosphate to alpha D-glucose 6-phosphate. EC 5.4.2.2.	Glucose Phosphomutase,Phosphomutase, Glucose
D002458	Cell Fractionation	Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS.	Cell Fractionations,Fractionation, Cell,Fractionations, Cell
D005941	Glucokinase	A group of enzymes that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and D-glucose to ADP and D-glucose 6-phosphate. They are found in invertebrates and microorganisms, and are highly specific for glucose. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.2.
D005957	UTP-Glucose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase	An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of UDPglucose from UTP plus glucose 1-phosphate. EC 2.7.7.9.	Glucosephosphate Uridylyltransferase,UDP Glucose Pyrophosphorylase,UDPG Pyrophosphorylase,Pyrophosphorylase, UDP Glucose,Pyrophosphorylase, UDPG,UTP Glucose 1 Phosphate Uridylyltransferase,Uridylyltransferase, Glucosephosphate,Uridylyltransferase, UTP-Glucose-1-Phosphate
D006056	Golgi Apparatus	A stack of flattened vesicles that functions in posttranslational processing and sorting of proteins, receiving them from the rough ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM and directing them to secretory vesicles, LYSOSOMES, or the CELL MEMBRANE. The movement of proteins takes place by transfer vesicles that bud off from the rough endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus and fuse with the Golgi, lysosomes or cell membrane. (From Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)	Golgi Complex,Apparatus, Golgi,Complex, Golgi
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013347	Subcellular Fractions	Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)	Fraction, Subcellular,Fractions, Subcellular,Subcellular Fraction
D014532	Uridine Diphosphate Glucose	A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.	UDP Glucose,UDPG,Uridine Diphosphoglucose,Diphosphate Glucose, Uridine,Diphosphoglucose, Uridine,Glucose, UDP,Glucose, Uridine Diphosphate