Biomaterial Database

Sensitization induced by kindling and kindling-related phenomena as a model for multiple chemical sensitivity. 1996

J Rossi

Naval Medical Research Institute Detachment, Tri-Service Toxicology Consortium, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7903, USA.

It has been suggested that the neurobehavioral dysfunction observed in persons presenting with symptoms of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) syndrome involves sensitization of neural circuits. Two hypotheses for the route of exposure in induction of neural sensitization in MCS are: (a) direct chemical stimulation of olfactory processes, or (b) general systemic response to inhaled chemicals. In either case, the mechanism of action may involve chemical kindling or kindling-related phenomena. A neural sensitization mechanism based on kindling or kindling-related phenomena is attractive and has been previously demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo animal models. Without a testable animal model for chemically mediated induction of MCS, however, any argument that MCS is mediated by kindling or kindling-related phenomena is reduced to the circular argument "the mechanism of sensitization is sensitization." The present survey provides an overview of the experimental paradigms that result in sensitization, differentiated on the basis of probable neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms. Neurophysiological potentiation, electrical kindling, chemical kindling and behavioral sensitization are evaluated and discussed in relationship to MCS.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007696	Kindling, Neurologic	The repeated weak excitation of brain structures, that progressively increases sensitivity to the same stimulation. Over time, this can lower the threshold required to trigger seizures.	Kindlings, Neurologic,Neurologic Kindling,Neurologic Kindlings
D008959	Models, Neurological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Neurologic Models,Model, Neurological,Neurologic Model,Neurological Model,Neurological Models,Model, Neurologic,Models, Neurologic
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D018777	Multiple Chemical Sensitivity	An acquired disorder characterized by recurrent symptoms, referable to multiple organ systems, occurring in response to demonstrable exposure to many chemically unrelated compounds at doses below those established in the general population to cause harmful effects. (Cullen MR. The worker with multiple chemical sensitivities: an overview. Occup Med 1987;2(4):655-61)	Idiopathic Environmental Intolerances,Chemical Sensitivities, Multiple,Chemical Sensitivity, Multiple,Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance,Multiple Chemical Sensitivities,Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Syndrome,Sensitivities, Multiple Chemical,Sensitivity, Multiple Chemical,Environmental Intolerance, Idiopathic,Environmental Intolerances, Idiopathic,Intolerance, Idiopathic Environmental,Intolerances, Idiopathic Environmental