Microflora of purulent necrotic lesions of the foot in 14 patients with diabetes mellitus was investigated by aerobic and anaerobic procedures. It was shown that the process was due to the same species of pathogenic microorganisms irrespective of the lesion severity. However, the number of the pathogens in the associations and the dissemination level per a patient were higher when the lesions were extended. The tissue microbial dissemination in the purulent foci was also higher in the patients with wounds complicated by marked inflammation of the surrounding tissues and the tissues under the lesion. The time course of the changes in the foot microflora during the target-aimed antibacterial therapy was followed up.