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Correction of risk estimates for measurement error in epidemiology. 1995

S A Bashir, and S W Duffy
MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, University Forvie Site, Cambridge, U.K.

Epidemiologists are under considerable pressure to acknowledge the presence of measurement error in the determination of risk factors. Repeatability and validation studies are often prescribed in conjunction with epidemiological studies. We describe some practical uses for repeatability and validation study data, in terms of correcting risk estimates for measurement error. Commonly available methods are described, with their advantages and shortcomings. A user-friendly computer program to carry out the analyses described accompanies the paper.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008491 Medical Informatics Applications Automated systems applied to the patient care process including diagnosis, therapy, and systems of communicating medical data within the health care setting. Application, Medical Informatics,Applications, Medical Informatics,Informatics Applications, Medical,Informatics Application, Medical,Medical Informatics Application
D012107 Research Design A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly. Experimental Design,Data Adjustment,Data Reporting,Design, Experimental,Designs, Experimental,Error Sources,Experimental Designs,Matched Groups,Methodology, Research,Problem Formulation,Research Methodology,Research Proposal,Research Strategy,Research Technics,Research Techniques,Scoring Methods,Adjustment, Data,Adjustments, Data,Data Adjustments,Design, Research,Designs, Research,Error Source,Formulation, Problem,Formulations, Problem,Group, Matched,Groups, Matched,Matched Group,Method, Scoring,Methods, Scoring,Problem Formulations,Proposal, Research,Proposals, Research,Reporting, Data,Research Designs,Research Proposals,Research Strategies,Research Technic,Research Technique,Scoring Method,Source, Error,Sources, Error,Strategies, Research,Strategy, Research,Technic, Research,Technics, Research,Technique, Research,Techniques, Research
D003627 Data Interpretation, Statistical Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study. Data Analysis, Statistical,Data Interpretations, Statistical,Interpretation, Statistical Data,Statistical Data Analysis,Statistical Data Interpretation,Analyses, Statistical Data,Analysis, Statistical Data,Data Analyses, Statistical,Interpretations, Statistical Data,Statistical Data Analyses,Statistical Data Interpretations
D012307 Risk Factors An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D015203 Reproducibility of Results The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results. Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face
D015986 Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic Factors that can cause or prevent the outcome of interest but are not intermediate variables of the factor(s) under investigation. Confounding Factor, Epidemiologic,Confounding Factors, Epidemiological,Confounding Factors, Epidemiology,Confounding Variables,Confounding Variables, Epidemiologic,Confounding Variables, Epidemiological,Confounding Factor, Epidemiological,Confounding Factor, Epidemiology,Confounding Variable,Confounding Variable, Epidemiologic,Confounding Variable, Epidemiological,Epidemiologic Confounding Factor,Epidemiologic Confounding Factors,Epidemiologic Confounding Variable,Epidemiologic Confounding Variables,Epidemiological Confounding Factor,Epidemiological Confounding Factors,Epidemiological Confounding Variable,Epidemiological Confounding Variables,Epidemiology Confounding Factor,Epidemiology Confounding Factors,Variable, Confounding,Variable, Epidemiologic Confounding,Variable, Epidemiological Confounding,Variables, Confounding,Variables, Epidemiologic Confounding,Variables, Epidemiological Confounding
D016022 Case-Control Studies Comparisons that start with the identification of persons with the disease or outcome of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease or outcome of interest. The relationship of an attribute is examined by comparing both groups with regard to the frequency or levels of outcome over time. Case-Base Studies,Case-Comparison Studies,Case-Referent Studies,Matched Case-Control Studies,Nested Case-Control Studies,Case Control Studies,Case-Compeer Studies,Case-Referrent Studies,Case Base Studies,Case Comparison Studies,Case Control Study,Case Referent Studies,Case Referrent Studies,Case-Comparison Study,Case-Control Studies, Matched,Case-Control Studies, Nested,Case-Control Study,Case-Control Study, Matched,Case-Control Study, Nested,Case-Referent Study,Case-Referrent Study,Matched Case Control Studies,Matched Case-Control Study,Nested Case Control Studies,Nested Case-Control Study,Studies, Case Control,Studies, Case-Base,Studies, Case-Comparison,Studies, Case-Compeer,Studies, Case-Control,Studies, Case-Referent,Studies, Case-Referrent,Studies, Matched Case-Control,Studies, Nested Case-Control,Study, Case Control,Study, Case-Comparison,Study, Case-Control,Study, Case-Referent,Study, Case-Referrent,Study, Matched Case-Control,Study, Nested Case-Control

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