Biomaterial Database

Erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity in non-nephropathic diabetic twins. 1996

T C Hardman, and S W Dubrey, and R D Leslie, and A F Lant

Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, U.K.

OBJECTIVE It has proved difficult to separate the role of the diabetic state as distinct from its complications in causing the elevation in erythrocyte sodium-lithium (Na-Li) countertransport activity that has been observed in diabetes. The present study sought to isolate the impact of diabetes on the countertransporter by studying groups of non-nephropathic identical-twin pairs both discordant and concordant for diabetes. METHODS We studied erythrocyte Na-Li countertransport activity in 49 identical-twin pairs who were discordant for IDDM and 26 identical twin pairs who were concordant for IDDM. Similar numbers of healthy control subjects, matched with the nondiabetic twins from the discordant pairs in respect to sex, BMI, and age were also studied. RESULTS The clinical and laboratory characteristics of both sets of twins were very similar to those of the control subjects with the exception that whole-blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations were higher in diabetic twins, whether from discordant or concordant pairs (P < 0.001), and that systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05) and serum HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) were higher in the discordant diabetic twins than in their nondiabetic co-twins. Median (95% CI) Na-Li countertransport activities (in millimoles of lithium released from 1 liter of erythrocytes per hour) in the nondiabetic discordant twin [0.237 (0.192-0.284)], the diabetic discordant twin [0.284 (0.254-0.326)], and the concordant twin [0.262 (0.207-0.358)] groups were similar to each other and higher than in the control subjects [0.172 (0.138-0.203)]. Countertransport activities in the discordant diabetic twins correlated significantly with their nondiabetic co-twins (r = 0.34; P = 0.015; n = 49), as did those between the concordant diabetic twin pairs (r = 0.68; P < 0.005; n = 26); activity levels were not related to either disease duration or blood glucose control. CONCLUSIONS An elevation in Na-Li countertransport activity has been noted in non-nephropathic normotensive twin pairs both discordant and concordant for IDDM. The potential genetic contribution to the altered behavior of the countertransporter was similar in both types of twins studied, and individual Na-Li countertransport activities were not significantly related to either duration of diabetes or metabolic control.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008076	Cholesterol, HDL	Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.	High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Cholesterol, HDL2,Cholesterol, HDL3,HDL Cholesterol,HDL(2) Cholesterol,HDL(3) Cholesterol,HDL2 Cholesterol,HDL3 Cholesterol,alpha-Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Cholesterol, alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoprotein Cholesterol
D008078	Cholesterol, LDL	Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to low density lipoproteins (LDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.	LDL Cholesterol,Cholesteryl Linoleate, LDL,LDL Cholesteryl Linoleate,Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,beta-Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Cholesterol, beta-Lipoprotein,beta Lipoprotein Cholesterol
D008297	Male		Males
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002784	Cholesterol	The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.	Epicholesterol
D003922	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.	Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden-Onset,Diabetes, Autoimmune,IDDM,Autoimmune Diabetes,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, 1,Diabetes Mellitus, Type I,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes,Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,Brittle Diabetes Mellitus,Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Dependent,Diabetes Mellitus, Juvenile Onset,Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis Prone,Diabetes Mellitus, Sudden Onset,Diabetes, Juvenile-Onset,Diabetes, Type 1,Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus 1,Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,Juvenile Onset Diabetes,Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus,Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus,Sudden-Onset Diabetes Mellitus
D004200	Diseases in Twins	Disorders affecting TWINS, one or both, at any age.	Diseases in Twin,Twin, Diseases in,Twins, Diseases in,in Twin, Diseases,in Twins, Diseases
D004912	Erythrocytes	Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.	Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle