BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Serum alpha-tocopherol, vitamin A, and blood selenium concentrations, and glutathione peroxidase activity in llamas fed alfalfa hay. 1996

A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.

OBJECTIVE To measure blood selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and serum concentrations of vitamin A and alpha-tocopherol, and to determine the correlation between blood selenium concentration and GSH-Px activity of llamas fed alfalfa hay. METHODS Mean (+/- SD) serum vitamin A and alpha-tocopherol concentrations, blood selenium concentrations, and GSH-Px activity were calculated from 9 sequential blood samples collected from llamas fed a diet of alfalfa hay. METHODS 15 clinically normal llamas (8 males, 7 females) between 10 and 14 months of age. METHODS Llamas were fed alfalfa hay for 40 days prior to sample collection and then for the duration of the trial. Vitamin E, selenium, and concentrations of vitamin A precursors were measured in the hay. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 6, 7, 9, 13, 20, 42, 64, and 98. Blood selenium concentrations were measured, using an inductively coupled spectrometric method. Blood GSH-Px activity was measured with a spectrophotometer, using a modification of a previously described assay. Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography with florescent detection was used to determine serum alpha-tocopherol and vitamin A concentrations. RESULTS The alfalfa hay contained 0.2 mg/kg of selenium, 5 mg/kg of vitamin E, and 0.9 mg/kg of vitamin A precursors. The mean (+/- SD) blood selenium concentration and GSH-Px activity were 0.179 +/- 0.032 micrograms/ml and 25.76 +/- 6.53 mU NADPH oxidized/min/mg of Hb, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. The mean (+/- SD) concentrations for serum alpha-tocopherol and vitamin A were 128.1 +/- 41.7 and 74.8 +/- 5.5 micrograms/dl, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Blood selenium concentrations in llamas are highly correlated to GSH-Px activity. Blood selenium concentrations in llamas appear to be similar to other domestic ruminants and diets containing 0.2 mg/kg of selenium appear to provide an adequate dietary source. The concentrations of vitamin A precursors and vitamin E in the hay were below currently recommended dietary levels for llamas, and alfalfa hay appears to provide an unreliable source of vitamins A and E in this species. Further studies are required to determine optimal dietary concentrations and to substantiate a reference range for these vitamins in llamas.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D002161 Camelids, New World Camelidae of the Americas. The extant species are those originating from South America and include alpacas, llamas, guanicos, and vicunas. Alpacas,Guanacos,Llamas,Lama glama,Lama glama guanicoe,Lama guanicoe,Lama pacos,Vicugna pacos,Vicugna vicugna,Vicunas,Alpaca,Camelid, New World,Guanaco,Llama,New World Camelid,New World Camelids,Vicuna
D005260 Female Females
D005979 Glutathione Peroxidase An enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of 2 moles of GLUTATHIONE in the presence of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to yield oxidized glutathione and water. Cytosolic Glutathione Peroxidase,Glutathione Lipoperoxidase,Selenoglutathione Peroxidase,Glutathione Peroxidase, Cytosolic,Lipoperoxidase, Glutathione,Peroxidase, Glutathione,Peroxidase, Selenoglutathione
D000455 Medicago sativa A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for ANIMAL FEED. Alfalfa,Lucerne
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821 Animal Feed Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock. Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D012643 Selenium An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. Selenium-80,Selenium 80
D014801 Vitamin A Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products. Retinol,11-cis-Retinol,3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol, (all-E)-Isomer,All-Trans-Retinol,Aquasol A,Vitamin A1,All Trans Retinol
D014810 Vitamin E A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.

Related Publications

A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Blood selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity.
March 1989, Archives of disease in childhood,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Selenium biofortified alfalfa hay fed in low quantities improves selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity in transition dairy cows and their calves.
May 2020, The Journal of dairy research,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Serum glutathione peroxidase activity and blood selenium in pigs.
January 1978, Acta veterinaria Scandinavica,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Tissue selenium and serum tocopherol concentrations in selenium-vitamin E deficient pigs fed peas (Pisum sativum).
December 1977, Journal of animal science,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Blood vitamin E, selenium and glutathione peroxidase concentrations in heifers fed either on grass or on winter feed.
August 1987, Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Changes in blood selenium and glutathione concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity in human pregnancy.
January 1993, Gynecologic and obstetric investigation,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Glutathione peroxidase activity, TBARS, and alpha-tocopherol in meat from chickens fed different diets.
March 1999, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Glutathione peroxidase activity in bovine serum and erythrocytes in relation to selenium concentrations of blood, serum and liver.
May 1980, Research in veterinary science,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Effects of selenium and vitamin E on blood selenium levels, tissue glutathione peroxidase activities and white muscle disease in sheep fed purified or hay diets.
July 1977, The Journal of nutrition,
A J Dart, and H Kinde, and D R Hodgson, and J R Peauroi, and A W Selby, and J Maas, and M E Fowler
Changes in plasma alpha-tocopherol and selenium of gestating cows fed hay or silage.
January 1994, Journal of dairy science,
Copied contents to your clipboard!