For several decades, the concept of modulation of memory storage has significantly influenced research investigating neurobiological memory mechanisms. New evidence provides additional support for the view that stress hormones released during emotionally arousing situations modulate memory processes. Recent experiments have investigated the role of sympathetic adrenomedullary hormones in emotional memory in humans, as well as the role of adrenocortical hormones, primarily in animal studies. Further, it is becoming increasingly clear that the sympathetic adrenomedullary and the pituitary adrenocortical systems interact to modulate memory storage. Other new evidence emphasizes the role of peripheral influences to the brain on emotional memory, as well as the critical contribution of the amygdaloid complex in modulation of memory by emotional arousal.