Successful treatment of tardive dystonia with clozapine and clonazepam. 1996

J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
Department of Psychological Medicine, Kings College School of Medicine & Dentistry, London.

BACKGROUND Tardive dystonia is an uncommon complication of neuroleptic treatment which is frequently disabling and poorly responsive to treatment. METHODS The case is reported of a 28-year-old patient with schizophrenia who developed severe, generalised tardive dystonia after five years of neuroleptic treatment. Stopping neuroleptic medication and treatment with tetrabenazine, an anticholinergic and a benzodiazepine were ineffective. Treatment with clozapine and then the novel combination of clozapine plus clonazepam was instituted. RESULTS Treatment with clozapine alone brought about limited improvement. Addition of clonazepam resulted in virtually complete disappearance of all abnormal movements. This remission has been sustained for nearly two years. CONCLUSIONS This report adds to two other cases suggesting that the combination of clozapine and clonazepam may be an effective treatment for tardive dystonia.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009460 Neurologic Examination Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervous system. Examination, Neurologic,Neurological Examination,Examination, Neurological,Examinations, Neurologic,Examinations, Neurological,Neurologic Examinations,Neurological Examinations
D002998 Clonazepam An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses. 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-,Klonopin,Antelepsin,Rivotril,Ro 5-4023,Ro 54023
D003024 Clozapine A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent. Clozaril,Leponex
D004359 Drug Therapy, Combination Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect. Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D004421 Dystonia An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p77) Muscle Dystonia,Dystonia, Diurnal,Dystonia, Limb,Dystonia, Paroxysmal,Diurnal Dystonia,Dystonia, Muscle,Limb Dystonia,Paroxysmal Dystonia
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000927 Anticonvulsants Drugs used to prevent SEIZURES or reduce their severity. Anticonvulsant,Anticonvulsant Drug,Anticonvulsive Agent,Anticonvulsive Drug,Antiepileptic,Antiepileptic Agent,Antiepileptic Agents,Antiepileptic Drug,Anticonvulsant Drugs,Anticonvulsive Agents,Anticonvulsive Drugs,Antiepileptic Drugs,Antiepileptics,Agent, Anticonvulsive,Agent, Antiepileptic,Agents, Anticonvulsive,Agents, Antiepileptic,Drug, Anticonvulsant,Drug, Anticonvulsive,Drug, Antiepileptic,Drugs, Anticonvulsant,Drugs, Anticonvulsive,Drugs, Antiepileptic
D012559 Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. Dementia Praecox,Schizophrenic Disorders,Disorder, Schizophrenic,Disorders, Schizophrenic,Schizophrenias,Schizophrenic Disorder

Related Publications

J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
August 1991, Journal of clinical psychopharmacology,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
June 1996, Biological psychiatry,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
September 2008, Psychiatria Danubina,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
February 1993, The Journal of nervous and mental disease,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
September 1996, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
January 2007, The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
February 1996, Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
July 1994, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
July 2005, Schizophrenia research,
J Shapleske, and A P Mickay, and P J Mckenna
September 1999, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society,
Copied contents to your clipboard!