Following a review of the literature, the authors focused their interest on the sensitive physiology of the biochemistry of the nasal mucosa. After a general presentation of the neurotransmitter molecules studied (the tachykinins), the authors have determined their presence in the sensitive afferent nerves of the pituitary gland, evidencing their co-existence with various other neuropeptides. The distribution of these molecules was studied, given their capacity of acting on peripheral tissular receptors. The widespread distribution and the considerable potential of such neuropeptides reveal the important they play in nasal physiology.