Biomaterial Database

Localization of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in human placenta. 1996

A J Janckila, and H Yaziji, and S C Lear, and A W Martin, and L T Yam

Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is an inducible marker of cell differentiation and activation expressed by specialized cells of macrophage lineage and some activated lymphocytes. Clinically, this phosphatase is a diagnostic marker for hairy cell leukaemia and osteoclast activity. The cDNA for this enzyme has been cloned from a placental expression library, yet the cell(s) expressing the enzyme protein has not been determined with certainty. Our laboratories have developed a monoclonal antibody, 9C5, suitable for immunohistochemical localization of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in paraffin sections. The purpose of this study was to use antibody 9C5 to identify cells expressing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in sections of paraffin-embedded, normal, full-term placenta and to determine if those cells expressed other macrophage markers including CD68 (PG-M1 antibody), LN5, lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. Histochemical localization of activity in frozen sections was compared with immunohistochemical localization in paraffin sections of the same tissue specimens. The activity and antigenicity of this enzyme were detected in decidual cells, syncytiotrophoblast, and some macrophages distributed throughout maternal and embryonic tissues, but not in neutrophils. Unlike other tissues previously examined, placenta contains significant numbers of the phosphate-positive cells that are not of macrophage origin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007150	Immunohistochemistry	Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.	Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D007527	Isoenzymes	Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.	Alloenzyme,Allozyme,Isoenzyme,Isozyme,Isozymes,Alloenzymes,Allozymes
D008264	Macrophages	The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)	Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophages,Macrophage,Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived,Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages,Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage,Macrophage, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophage, Monocyte-Derived,Macrophages, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophages, Monocyte Derived,Monocyte Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophage
D009113	Muramidase	A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	Lysozyme,Leftose,N-Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase,Glycanhydrolase, N-Acetylmuramide,N Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase
D010920	Placenta	A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).	Placentoma, Normal,Placentome,Placentas,Placentomes
D002454	Cell Differentiation	Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.	Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D005260	Female		Females
D006651	Histocytochemistry	Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.	Cytochemistry
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000071681	Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase	One of several acid phosphatases in humans, other mammals, plants, and a few prokaryotes. The protein fold of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) resembles that of the catalytic domain of plant purple acid phosphatase and other serine/threonine-protein phosphatases that also contain a metallophosphoesterase domain. One gene produces the various forms which include purple acid phosphatases from spleen and other tissues. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is a biomarker for pathological states in which it is over-expressed. Such conditions include GAUCHER DISEASE; HODGKIN DISEASE; BONE RESORPTION; and NEOPLASM METASTASIS.	AcPase V,Acid Phosphatase V,TRAP Type 5 AcPase,TRAcP,Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase Type 5,Type 5 Acid Phosphatase,Uteroferrin,Acid Phosphatase, Tartrate-Resistant,Phosphatase V, Acid,Phosphatase, Tartrate-Resistant Acid,Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase,Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase Type 5,V, AcPase,V, Acid Phosphatase