Biomaterial Database

Primary position upbeat nystagmus with special reference to alteration to downbeat nystagmus. 1996

A Sakuma, and I Kato, and S Ogino, and T Okada, and I Takeyama

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

A 24-year-old man was admitted to the University Hospital showing severe dehydration that might have been the result of medicine-induced gastritis. Wernicke's encephalopathy was suspected in this patient. On admission, primary position upbeat nystagmus (PPUN) was found. The patient showed tongue fasciculation and loss of gag reflex, which, however, soon returned to normal. Electronystagmographic (ENG) findings were suggestive of lesions in the brainstem. Based on neurological signs and symptoms, we concluded caudal brainstem lesions might be a possible site responsible for the upbeat nystagmus. This nystagmus, however, was later found to be reversed to downbeat nystagmus. This is considered to have been due to predominant differences in vertical velocity which are induced by gravity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009759	Nystagmus, Pathologic	Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and this condition is often associated with visual loss early in life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272)	Convergence Nystagmus,Horizontal Nystagmus,Jerk Nystagmus,Pendular Nystagmus,Periodic Alternating Nystagmus,Rotary Nystagmus,See-Saw Nystagmus,Vertical Nystagmus,Conjugate Nystagmus,Dissociated Nystagmus,Fatigable Positional Nystagmus,Multidirectional Nystagmus,Non-Fatigable Positional Nystagmus,Permanent Nystagmus,Rebound Nystagmus,Retraction Nystagmus,Rotational Nystagmus,Spontaneous Ocular Nystagmus,Symptomatic Nystagmus,Temporary Nystagmus,Unidirectional Nystagmus,Non Fatigable Positional Nystagmus,Nystagmus, Conjugate,Nystagmus, Convergence,Nystagmus, Dissociated,Nystagmus, Fatigable Positional,Nystagmus, Horizontal,Nystagmus, Jerk,Nystagmus, Multidirectional,Nystagmus, Non-Fatigable Positional,Nystagmus, Pendular,Nystagmus, Periodic Alternating,Nystagmus, Permanent,Nystagmus, Rebound,Nystagmus, Retraction,Nystagmus, Rotary,Nystagmus, Rotational,Nystagmus, See-Saw,Nystagmus, Spontaneous Ocular,Nystagmus, Symptomatic,Nystagmus, Temporary,Nystagmus, Unidirectional,Nystagmus, Vertical,Ocular Nystagmus, Spontaneous,Pathologic Nystagmus,Positional Nystagmus, Non-Fatigable,See Saw Nystagmus
D001933	Brain Stem	The part of the brain that connects the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES with the SPINAL CORD. It consists of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLONGATA.	Brainstem,Truncus Cerebri,Brain Stems,Brainstems,Cerebri, Truncus,Cerebrus, Truncus,Truncus Cerebrus
D004584	Electronystagmography	Recording of nystagmus based on changes in the electrical field surrounding the eye produced by the difference in potential between the cornea and the retina.	Electronystagmographies
D006112	Gravitation	Acceleration produced by the mutual attraction of two masses, and of magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centers of mass. It is also the force imparted by the earth, moon, or a planet to an object near its surface. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988)	G Force,Gravistimulation,Gravity,Force, G,G Forces,Gravities
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012438	Saccades	An abrupt voluntary shift in ocular fixation from one point to another, as occurs in reading.	Pursuit, Saccadic,Saccadic Eye Movements,Eye Movement, Saccadic,Eye Movements, Saccadic,Movement, Saccadic Eye,Movements, Saccadic Eye,Pursuits, Saccadic,Saccade,Saccadic Eye Movement,Saccadic Pursuit,Saccadic Pursuits
D014899	Wernicke Encephalopathy	An acute neurological disorder characterized by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbances of mental activity or consciousness. Eye movement abnormalities include nystagmus, external rectus palsies, and reduced conjugate gaze. THIAMINE DEFICIENCY and chronic ALCOHOLISM are associated conditions. Pathologic features include periventricular petechial hemorrhages and neuropil breakdown in the diencephalon and brainstem. Chronic thiamine deficiency may lead to KORSAKOFF SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1139-42; Davis & Robertson, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp452-3)	Beriberi, Cerebral,Encephalopathy, Wernicke,Encephalopathy, Gayet-Wernicke,Encephalopathy, Wernicke's,Gayet-Wernicke Encephalopathy,Wernicke Disease,Wernicke Polioencephalitis, Superior Hemorrhagic,Wernicke Superior Hemorrhagic Polioencephalitis,Wernicke Syndrome,Wernicke's Disease,Wernicke's Encephalopathy,Wernicke's Polioencephalitis, Superior Hemorrhagic,Wernicke's Superior Hemorrhagic Polioencephalitis,Wernicke's Syndrome,Cerebral Beriberi,Encephalopathies, Wernicke,Encephalopathy, Gayet Wernicke,Encephalopathy, Wernickes,Gayet Wernicke Encephalopathy,Wernicke Encephalopathies