Biomaterial Database

Evaluation of a semiautomated latex agglutination test for the detection of pseudorabies antibody in swine sera. 1996

S J Rodgers, and S L Karges, and J T Saliki

Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA.

Rapid screening of large numbers of swine sera for antibody is an essential element in the current eradication program for pseudorabies in the United States. We evaluated a recently introduced commercial semiautomated latex agglutination test (LAT) kit for pseudorabies antibody. A total of 1,191 swine sera were tested using the new procedure and 3 established tests: the manual LAT, the serum neutralization test (SNT), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was close agreement among results of semiautomated LAT, the manual LAT, and ELISA but less agreement between semiautomated LAT and SNT. Overall, the sensitivities of the 4 tests were as follows: semiautomated LAT = manual LAT > ELISA > SNT. For 74 samples of known pseudorabies antibody status, the overall specificities were as follows: semi-automated LAT = manual LAT = SNT > ELISA. Because of its relative insensitivity, the SNT should no longer be considered the official "gold" standard for pseudorabies testing in the on-going eradication program. However, because no single test was perfect for all samples, a scheme including 3 tests in the following sequence is recommended: 1) screening using semiautomated LAT or ELISA and 2) confirmation testing of positives by manual LAT and SNT, with any sample that tests positive by any 2 tests being regarded as true positive.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007841	Latex Fixation Tests	Passive agglutination tests in which antigen is adsorbed onto latex particles which then clump in the presence of antibody specific for the adsorbed antigen. (From Stedman, 26th ed)	Latex Agglutination Tests,Agglutination Test, Latex,Agglutination Tests, Latex,Fixation Test, Latex,Fixation Tests, Latex,Latex Agglutination Test,Latex Fixation Test,Test, Latex Agglutination,Test, Latex Fixation,Tests, Latex Agglutination,Tests, Latex Fixation
D008403	Mass Screening	Organized periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease.	Screening,Mass Screenings,Screening, Mass,Screenings,Screenings, Mass
D009500	Neutralization Tests	The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).	Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D011557	Pseudorabies	A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dogs, cats, rats, and other animals.	Aujeszky's Disease,Aujeszky Disease,Aujeszkys Disease
D004797	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay	An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.	ELISA,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent,Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays,Immunosorbent Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunosorbent Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000914	Antibodies, Viral	Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.	Viral Antibodies
D001331	Automation	Controlled operation of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices that take the place of human organs of observation, effort, and decision. (From Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 1993)	Automations
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D014481	United States	A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.