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Assessing fluoride concentrations of juices and juice-flavored drinks. 1996

M C Kiritsy, and S M Levy, and J J Warren, and N Guha-Chowdhury, and J R Heilman, and T Marshall
Dental Research Unit, Health Research Council, Wellington School of Medicine, New Zealand.

Few studies have investigated fluoride exposures from juices and juice-flavored drinks manufactured with water. In this study, the authors analyzed 532 juices and juice drinks for fluoride. Fluoride ion concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 2.80 parts per million, in part because of variations in fluoride concentrations of water used in production. Children's ingestion of fluoride from juices and juice-flavored drinks can be substantial and a factor in the development of fluorosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007484 Iowa State bounded on the north by Minnesota, on the east by Wisconsin and Illinois, on the south by Missouri, and on the west by Nebraska and South Dakota.
D009050 Fluorosis, Dental A chronic endemic form of ENAMEL HYPOMINERALIZATION caused by drinking water with a high fluorine content during the time of tooth formation, and characterized by defective calcification that gives a white chalky appearance to the enamel, which gradually undergoes brown discoloration. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286) Dental Fluorosis,Mottled Enamel,Mottled Teeth,Dental Fluoroses,Fluoroses, Dental,Enamel, Mottled,Mottled Enamels,Teeth, Mottled
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002957 Citrus A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. They bear the familiar citrus fruits including oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and limes. There are many hybrids which makes the nomenclature confusing. Citron Tree,Fruit, Citrus,Lemon Tree,Orange Tree, Bitter,Orange Tree, Mandarin,Orange Tree, Seville,Orange Tree, Sour,Pomelo Tree,Pummelo Tree,Tangerine Tree,Citrus Fruit,Citrus aurantium,Citrus bergamia,Citrus grandis,Citrus hystrix,Citrus limon,Citrus maxima,Citrus medica,Citrus reticulata,Kaffir Lime,Bitter Orange Tree,Bitter Orange Trees,Citron Trees,Citrus aurantiums,Citrus bergamias,Citrus grandi,Citrus hystrices,Citrus medicas,Citrus reticulatas,Lemon Trees,Lime, Kaffir,Mandarin Orange Tree,Mandarin Orange Trees,Orange Trees, Bitter,Orange Trees, Mandarin,Orange Trees, Seville,Orange Trees, Sour,Pomelo Trees,Pummelo Trees,Seville Orange Tree,Seville Orange Trees,Sour Orange Tree,Sour Orange Trees,Tangerine Trees,Tree, Bitter Orange,Tree, Citron,Tree, Lemon,Tree, Mandarin Orange,Tree, Pomelo,Tree, Pummelo,Tree, Seville Orange,Tree, Sour Orange,Tree, Tangerine,Trees, Bitter Orange,Trees, Citron,Trees, Lemon,Trees, Mandarin Orange,Trees, Pomelo,Trees, Pummelo,Trees, Seville Orange,Trees, Sour Orange,Trees, Tangerine,aurantium, Citrus,bergamia, Citrus,hystrices, Citrus,maxima, Citrus,medicas, Citrus,reticulata, Citrus
D005457 Fluoridation Practice of adding fluoride to water, and other food or beverages, for the purpose of preventing DENTAL CARIES. Milk Fluoridation,Salt Fluoridation,Water Fluoridation,Fluoridation, Milk,Fluoridation, Salt,Fluoridation, Water
D005459 Fluorides Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices. Fluoride
D005638 Fruit The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. Berries,Legume Pod,Plant Aril,Plant Capsule,Aril, Plant,Arils, Plant,Berry,Capsule, Plant,Capsules, Plant,Fruits,Legume Pods,Plant Arils,Plant Capsules,Pod, Legume,Pods, Legume
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001628 Beverages Liquids that are suitable for drinking. (From Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 10th ed) Beverage

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