Biomaterial Database

At least two separate gene clusters are involved in albicidin production by Xanthomonas albilineans. 1996

P C Rott, and L Costet, and M J Davis, and R Frutos, and D W Gabriel

Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.

Transposon mutagenesis was used to obtain mutations affecting production of the toxin albicidin in Xanthomonas albilineans, which causes leaf scald disease of sugarcane and is also pathogenic to corn. Transposon Tn5-gusA inserted randomly into genomic DNA of X. albilineans Xa23R1 at a frequency of 10(-4) to 10(-5) per recipient after conjugal transfer from Escherichia coli. Fifty prototrophic mutants defective in albicidin production were isolated from 7,100 Tn5-gusA insertional derivatives tested for toxin production by an antibiosis bioassay. EcoRI fragments containing Tn5 flanking sequences from two mutants (AM15 and AM40) were cloned and used to probe a wild-type Xa23R1 DNA library by colony hybridization. Nine cosmids showed homology to the AM15 probe, and six showed homology to the AM40 probe. Four cosmid clones hybridized to both probes. Forty-five of the 50 defective mutants were restored to albicidin production with two overlapping cosmid clones. Restriction mapping showed that these mutants span a genomic region of about 48 kb. At least one other gene cluster is also involved in albicidin production in Xa23R1. DNA fragments from the 48-kb cluster proved to be very specific to X. albilineans. Some mutants affected in albicidin production retain their ability to colonize sugarcane cultivated in vitro.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009930	Organic Chemicals	A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.	Organic Chemical,Chemical, Organic,Chemicals, Organic
D010935	Plant Diseases	Diseases of plants.	Disease, Plant,Diseases, Plant,Plant Disease
D002874	Chromosome Mapping	Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.	Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D004269	DNA, Bacterial	Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.	Bacterial DNA
D005798	Genes, Bacterial	The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.	Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D005810	Multigene Family	A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Gene Clusters,Genes, Reiterated,Cluster, Gene,Clusters, Gene,Families, Multigene,Family, Multigene,Gene Cluster,Gene, Reiterated,Multigene Families,Reiterated Gene,Reiterated Genes
D000900	Anti-Bacterial Agents	Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.	Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D001427	Bacterial Toxins	Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.	Bacterial Toxin,Toxins, Bacterial,Toxin, Bacterial
D014774	Virulence	The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.	Pathogenicity