[Optokinetic nystagmus and visual-vestibular interaction in subjects with "whiplash injuries"]. 1996

A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
Istituto Clinica ORL, Università di Genova.

We studied the behaviour of Vestibular Nystagmus (VOR), of Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN) and of Visuo-Vestibular-Ocular-Reflex (VVOR) in seven normal subjects and in thirty-two patients who had undergone cervical trauma in an automobile accident with the so called "whiplash mechanism". Thirteen subjects underwent examination within the first three months after the accident (first group), six subjects between the third and the sixth months (third group). Ocular movements was recorded according to the usual method by means of a Tonnies electronystagmograph with eight channels. The subjects, head blocked, sat on a Tonnies rotatory chair Pro model which was placed in the middle of a rotatory cylindrical chamber 2 metres in diameter and 1.9 metres in height. The width internal area was covered with thirty-two black vertical contrast. The rotatory cylinder was lighted from above by a 100 W bulb and was driven by a direct current engine which turned it clockwise and counterclockwise up to 200 degrees/sec., maximum speed, with preset acceleration ranging from 1 degree to 2 degrees/sec. All the subjects underwent to Rotatory Vestibular Stimulation by Stop test from a constant angular velocity of 90 degrees/sec. with clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, "stare type" Optokinetic stimulation with a cylinder rotation velocity of 30 degrees/sec. for 60 seconds and to contemporary Rotatory Vestibular and Optokinetic Stimulation (VVOR) so that OKN was VOR counterdirectional. The results of our experience show a statistically significative mean gain decrease of VOR and VVOR nystagmus (beating OKN direction) calculated on the first three beats in the patients of the first group and a significative increase of OKN mean gain in all the patients of the three groups. Furthermore, in sixteen out of thirty-two patients (seven in the first group, two in the second and seven in the third) we observed (during VVOR examination, immediately after stop) a nystagmus beating VOR direction lasting from 3 to 15 seconds.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009925 Organ of Corti The spiral EPITHELIUM containing sensory AUDITORY HAIR CELLS and supporting cells in the cochlea. Organ of Corti, situated on the BASILAR MEMBRANE and overlaid by a gelatinous TECTORIAL MEMBRANE, converts sound-induced mechanical waves to neural impulses to the brain. Basilar Papilla,Corti's Organ,Spiral Organ,Corti Organ,Cortis Organ,Organ, Corti's,Organ, Spiral,Organs, Spiral,Papilla, Basilar,Spiral Organs
D012027 Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular A reflex wherein impulses are conveyed from the cupulas of the SEMICIRCULAR CANALS and from the OTOLITHIC MEMBRANE of the SACCULE AND UTRICLE via the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM and the median longitudinal fasciculus to the OCULOMOTOR NERVE nuclei. It functions to maintain a stable retinal image during head rotation by generating appropriate compensatory EYE MOVEMENTS. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex,Reflex, Vestibuloocular,Reflexes, Vestibo-Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibuloocular,Reflex, Vestibulo Ocular,Reflexes, Vestibo Ocular,Vestibo-Ocular Reflexes,Vestibulo Ocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflex,Vestibuloocular Reflexes
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D012399 Rotation Motion of an object in which either one or more points on a line are fixed. It is also the motion of a particle about a fixed point. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Clinorotation,Clinorotations,Rotations
D014911 Whiplash Injuries Hyperextension injury to the neck, often the result of being struck from behind by a fast-moving vehicle, in an automobile accident. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) Injuries, Whiplash,Injury, Whiplash,Whiplash Injury
D017120 Nystagmus, Optokinetic Normal nystagmus produced by looking at objects moving across the field of vision. Optokinetic Nystagmus

Related Publications

A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
June 2005, Neuroreport,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1978, Revue d'oto-neuro-ophtalmologie,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1979, ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1980, ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1982, Acta oto-laryngologica,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
September 1963, The Journal of physiology,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1982, Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
March 1971, Fiziologicheskii zhurnal SSSR imeni I. M. Sechenova,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
January 1974, Experimental neurology,
A Salami, and M C Medicina, and M Dellepiane, and R Mora, and G Guglielmetti
December 1969, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!