Primary health care in Croatia, and preventive health care in particular, are organized in compliance with international conventions. In the Croatian Health Care Act special attention is paid to the worker's health. The responsibility for implementing specific health care measures lies with the employer who has the duty to care for the health and safety of his employees. The worker's right to specific health care is based on the agreement between the employer on the one hand and the primary health care unit (Health Centre) or a privately owned health unit incorporating an occupational health service on the other. The Croatian Occupational Health Institute, presently under foundation, will be in charge of surveillance and advancement of occupational health service. The paper deals with practical issues concerning the implementation of the relevant sections of the Health Care Act and discusses organizational aspects of occupational health service.