Biomaterial Database

A comparison of trimedoxime, obidoxime, pralidoxime and HI-6 in the treatment of oral organophosphorus insecticide poisoning in the rat. 1995

M Jokanović, and M Maksimović

Universita degli Studi di Padova, Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro, Italy.

This study summarizes the results of examination of acute oral toxicity of 26 organophosphorus insecticides in rats. The effectiveness of trimedoxime, obidoxime, pralidoxime and HI-6, given with atropine and diazepam, was tested in the treatment of poisoning with 2 LD50 of the insecticides. It was shown that the oximes were potent antidotes in poisoning with phosphate insecticides. Obidoxime, pralidoxime and HI-6 had low effectiveness in the treatment of poisoning with phosphonates and phosphorothiolates. However, none of the oximes was an effective antidote in poisoning with dimethoate and pyridafenthion. Trimedoxime was the most effective oxime in the treatment of insecticide poisoning, being successful especially at the lowest tested doses.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007306	Insecticides	Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics.	Insecticide
D008297	Male		Males
D009768	Obidoxime Chloride	Cholinesterase reactivator occurring in two interchangeable isomeric forms, syn and anti.	Obidoxim,Obidoxime,Toxogonin,Chloride, Obidoxime
D009943	Organophosphorus Compounds	Organic compounds that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule. Included under this heading is broad array of synthetic compounds that are used as PESTICIDES and DRUGS.	Organophosphorus Compound,Organopyrophosphorus Compound,Organopyrophosphorus Compounds,Compound, Organophosphorus,Compound, Organopyrophosphorus,Compounds, Organophosphorus,Compounds, Organopyrophosphorus
D010091	Oximes	Compounds that contain the radical R2C	Aldoximes,Hydroxyimino Compounds,Ketoxime,Ketoximes,Oxime,Compounds, Hydroxyimino
D011220	Pralidoxime Compounds	Various salts of a quaternary ammonium oxime that reconstitute inactivated acetylcholinesterase, especially at the neuromuscular junction, and may cause neuromuscular blockade. They are used as antidotes to organophosphorus poisoning as chlorides, iodides, methanesulfonates (mesylates), or other salts.	2-PAM Compounds,Pyridine Aldoxime Methyl Compounds,2 PAM Compounds,Compounds, 2-PAM,Compounds, Pralidoxime
D003975	Diazepam	A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.	7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one,Apaurin,Diazemuls,Faustan,Relanium,Seduxen,Sibazon,Stesolid,Valium
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D000284	Administration, Oral	The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.	Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia