Modeling solute sorption into plastic tubing during organ perfusion and intravenous infusions. 1996

M S Roberts
Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Buranda, Australia.

The uptake of solutes into plastic infusion and perfusion tubing has been well documented, but the kinetics of the uptake process is not well-defined. Three mathematical models have been developed to describe the outflow fraction concentration--time profiles for solutes sorbed into the plastic tubing during infusion and perfusions. The models are referred to as model 1, convection--diffusion; model 2, convention-- interfacial resistance--diffusion; ad model 3, convection--interfacial resistance--infinite sink models. In each model, plug flow is assumed and, in order to minimize the number of variables required, solutions are limited to early times when the plastic behaves as an infinite sink. Initial conditions of (i) no solution in the tubing and (ii) a preloading of tubing with drug solution are considered for each of the three models. Two parameters, one being the transit time of solution through tubing (tmin) and the other a measure of the affinity and diffusivity of the solute in the plastic (SN), are sufficient to describe the outflow concentration--time profiles for solutes with sorption into tubing being limited by diffusion in the plastic (model 1). A single parameter, which is the effective interfacial permeability coefficient (H), is sufficient to describe the outflow concentration--time profiles for solutes with sorption into tubing being limited by an aqueous--plastic interfacial barrier (model 3). The three parameters (tmin, SN, and H) are required when uptake into tubing is limited by a combination of diffusion into plastic and an interfacial resistance (model 3). Each model has a characteristic outflow concentration--time profile determined by the relative magnitude of diffusivity of the solute in the plastic to that across the interfacial barrier. The sorption of nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate are adequately described by the convection--diffusion model (model 1 (ii)) whereas the convection--interfacial resistance--diffusion model (model 2 (ii)) is required to describe the sorption of diazepam and chlorpromazine.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007262 Infusions, Intravenous The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it. Drip Infusions,Intravenous Drip,Intravenous Infusions,Drip Infusion,Drip, Intravenous,Infusion, Drip,Infusion, Intravenous,Infusions, Drip,Intravenous Infusion
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008432 Mathematical Computing Computer-assisted interpretation and analysis of various mathematical functions related to a particular problem. Statistical Computing,Computing, Statistical,Mathematic Computing,Statistical Programs, Computer Based,Computing, Mathematic,Computing, Mathematical,Computings, Mathematic,Computings, Mathematical,Computings, Statistical,Mathematic Computings,Mathematical Computings,Statistical Computings
D008956 Models, Chemical Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Chemical Models,Chemical Model,Model, Chemical
D010477 Perfusion Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue. Perfusions
D010969 Plastics Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Plastic
D004058 Diffusion The tendency of a gas or solute to pass from a point of higher pressure or concentration to a point of lower pressure or concentration and to distribute itself throughout the available space. Diffusion, especially FACILITATED DIFFUSION, is a major mechanism of BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT. Diffusions
D004364 Pharmaceutical Preparations Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form. Drug,Drugs,Pharmaceutical,Pharmaceutical Preparation,Pharmaceutical Product,Pharmaceutic Preparations,Pharmaceutical Products,Pharmaceuticals,Preparations, Pharmaceutical,Preparation, Pharmaceutical,Preparations, Pharmaceutic,Product, Pharmaceutical,Products, Pharmaceutical
D000327 Adsorption The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily. Adsorptions
D012996 Solutions The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Solution

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