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OBJECTIVE To determine whether serum levels of vascular permeability factor (VPF) are elevated in patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and to determine if luteinizing granulosa cells may be a source of VPF. METHODS Prospective observational study. METHODS University IVF and GIFT program. METHODS Eight consecutive IVF and GIFT patients at high risk for OHSS. METHODS Vascular permeability factor concentration in serum and follicular fluid. RESULTS Serum VPF was significantly higher (15.2 +/- 4.0 pM; mean +/- SEM) on day +14 in the group who developed severe OHSS compared with those who did not. Follicular fluid VPF (171.5 +/- 18.5 pM) was approximately 100-fold greater than serum (1.7 +/- 1.3 pM) or peritoneal fluid (2.5 +/- 1.3 pM) 36 hours after hCG administration. CONCLUSIONS Vascular permeability factor is elevated in patients with severe OHSS and the ovary may be a source of VPF secretion.
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