Forty-eight crossbred gilts were used in an experiment with a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments were control or bulky diet during gestation (4.1 vs 15.3% crude fiber), number of meals served daily in lactation (2 vs 4), and three daily s.c. injections of saline or of 1 mg of a human growth hormone-releasing factor analog (GRF-AN) from d 3 to 29 of lactation. Weights of pigs were recorded weekly until weaning on d 33. On d 29 of lactation, milk yield was estimated and a milk sample was obtained the next day. Jugular blood samples were collected from the sows on d 3 and 28 of lactation. Feed and water intake of sows were recorded throughout the study. Feeding the bulky diet decreased water intake in gestation (P < .001) and increased feed intake in lactation (P < .03). The number of meals served daily had no effect on feed intake during lactation (P > .1). Injections of GRF-AN increased IGF-I concentrations in blood (P < .01) and in milk (P < .001) and decreased backfat thickness (P < .001) and feed intake (P < .001) of sows during lactation. Pigs from sows injected with GRF-AN weighed more on d 14 (P < .05) and had a tendency to weigh more on d 7 (P = .09) and d 21 (P = .06). The incidence of sows showing estrus within 10 d of weaning was reduced with exogenous GRF (P < .01). The use of exogenous GRF in lactating sows may therefore have beneficial effects on growth of the pigs, yet the optimal nutritional and hormonal conditions needed for GRF to exert its full potential still need to be determined.