Biomaterial Database

Central haemodynamics during exercise in patients with restrictive pulmonary disease. 1977

J Widimsky, and M Riedel, and V Stanek

Pulmonary precapillary hypertension present only during exercise is the first stage of corpulmonale. Examination of the reaction of central haemodynamics to exercise is the only way to detect it. In a model situation like unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion (UPAO) in healthy subjects, an increase in pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) during exercise is a linear function of restriction of the pulmonary vascular bed and blood flow increase. Central haemodynamics during exercise in younger subjects after pneumonectomy (PNE) resemble the situation with UPAO provided the remaining lung is intact. In older patients after PNE the same rise of blood flow is associated with a considerably greater rise of Ppa. PNE patients compared to healthy individuals increase their cardiac output during exercise more by increasing stroke volume. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis show a disproportionate rise in Ppa in relation to flow. This is due to reduced distensibility of the pulmonary system. Hypoxia also seems to be involved in pulmonary hypertension during exercise. Pulmonary wedge pressure rises at work but remains within the normal range, even in patients having marked hypoxaemia at rest and during exercise. In idiopathic intersitial pulmonary fibrosis (IIPF), pulmonary hypertension during exercise is greater than in other forms of pulmonary fibrosis. Inhalation of oxygen during exercise in patients IIPF leads to a reversal of hypoxaemia but the decrease of Ppa is small and due to a passive decrease of cardiac output. Finally right ventricular function in restrictive pneumopathies is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006976	Hypertension, Pulmonary	Increased VASCULAR RESISTANCE in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION, usually secondary to HEART DISEASES or LUNG DISEASES.	Pulmonary Hypertension
D008171	Lung Diseases	Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	Pulmonary Diseases,Disease, Pulmonary,Diseases, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Disease,Disease, Lung,Diseases, Lung,Lung Disease
D011013	Pneumonectomy	The excision of lung tissue including partial or total lung lobectomy.	Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction,Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction,Lung Volume Reduction,Lung Volume Reduction Surgery,Partial Pneumonectomy,Partial Pneumonectomies,Pneumonectomies,Pneumonectomy, Partial,Reduction, Lung Volume,Volume Reduction, Lung
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D011655	Pulmonary Embolism	Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	Pulmonary Thromboembolism,Thromboembolism, Pulmonary,Embolism, Pulmonary,Embolisms, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Embolisms,Pulmonary Thromboembolisms,Thromboembolisms, Pulmonary
D011658	Pulmonary Fibrosis	A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	Alveolitis, Fibrosing,Idiopathic Diffuse Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis,Fibroses, Pulmonary,Fibrosis, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Fibroses,Alveolitides, Fibrosing,Fibrosing Alveolitides,Fibrosing Alveolitis
D011660	Pulmonary Heart Disease	Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. This condition is often associated with pulmonary parenchymal or vascular diseases, such as CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE and PULMONARY EMBOLISM.	Cor Pulmonale,Disease, Pulmonary Heart,Diseases, Pulmonary Heart,Heart Disease, Pulmonary,Heart Diseases, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Heart Diseases
D005082	Physical Exertion	Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.	Physical Effort,Effort, Physical,Efforts, Physical,Exertion, Physical,Exertions, Physical,Physical Efforts,Physical Exertions
D006352	Heart Ventricles	The lower right and left chambers of the heart. The right ventricle pumps venous BLOOD into the LUNGS and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic arterial circulation.	Cardiac Ventricle,Cardiac Ventricles,Heart Ventricle,Left Ventricle,Right Ventricle,Left Ventricles,Right Ventricles,Ventricle, Cardiac,Ventricle, Heart,Ventricle, Left,Ventricle, Right,Ventricles, Cardiac,Ventricles, Heart,Ventricles, Left,Ventricles, Right
D006439	Hemodynamics	The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.	Hemodynamic