Biomaterial Database

Cytokine expression in the presence or absence of late airway responses after antigen challenge of sensitized rats. 1996

P M Renzi, and A S al Assaad, and J Yang, and Z Yasruel, and Q Hamid

Department of Medicine and Pathology, Meakins Christie Labs, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

To assess whether Th-2 cytokines are involved in the late airway response (LR) after antigen challenge, we evaluated cytokine mRNA expression in the lungs of two strains of rats before and 8 h after saline or antigen challenge: Brown Norway (BN) rats, high IgE producers that develop LR after antigen challenge and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, low IgE producers that develop little LR and no increased airway responsiveness after antigen challenge. Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA) and 14 days later, lungs were obtained before or after OA challenge and measurement of lung physiology for 8 h. Lung tissue was either fixed for in situ hybridization or frozen for evaluation of mRNA expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We examined mRNA expression for interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-5 (Th-2 cytokines) and IL-2 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma, Th-1 cytokines). In situ hybridization showed that cells expressing IL-4 and -5 mRNA were increased in the airways of the lungs of BN rats after OA challenge (P < 0.05) and that cells expressing mRNA for IFN-gamma and IL-2 were higher in SD than in BN rats after antigen challenge (P < 0.05). Results from PCR showed that prior to antigen challenge, BN rats expressed in their lungs mRNA for IL-4 and -5 and SD rats expressed very little mRNA for IL-5 only. After antigen challenge most BN and SD rats expressed mRNA for IL-4 and -5 but expression of mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-gamma was only found in SD rats. In conclusion, rats that develop a LR after antigen challenge preferentially increase Th-2 cytokine expression in their lungs whereas those without LRs preferentially express Th-1 cytokines. Our results support the role of Th-2 cytokines in the LR and asthma.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D010047	Ovalbumin	An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	Serpin B14
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000941	Antigens	Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.	Antigen
D001345	Autoradiography	The making of a radiograph of an object or tissue by recording on a photographic plate the radiation emitted by radioactive material within the object. (Dorland, 27th ed)	Radioautography
D012333	RNA, Messenger	RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.	Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D015870	Gene Expression	The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.	Expression, Gene,Expressions, Gene,Gene Expressions
D016133	Polymerase Chain Reaction	In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.	Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain