Although physiological processes related to vascular function differ greatly between resistance arteries and conduit arteries, it is not known whether the effects of endothelin-1 on these arteries differ in humans. In the present study, the conduit portion and the resistance portion of isolated human mesenteric arteries were suspended in a Krebs-Ringer solution. Norepinephrine and endothelin-1 produced concentration-dependent contractions in both portions. The EC50 value of norepinephrine in the resistance portion (3.7 x 10(-7) M, n = 8) did not differ from that in the conduit portion (3.4 x 10(-7) M, n = 7). However, the EC50 value of endothelin-1 in the resistance portion (3.0 x 10(-9) M, n = 8) was significantly lower than that in the conduit portion (1.1 x 10(-8) M, n = 7, P < 0.05). Although the maximum response to norepinephrine in the resistance portion (calculated as the percentage of 50 mM KCl-induced contraction) did not differ from that in the conduit portion, the maximum response to endothelin-1 in the resistance portion was significantly greater than that in the conduit portion. These results indicate that endothelin-1 induces more potent constriction in resistance portion than in conduit portion in isolated human mesenteric arteries.