BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Initiation of (-) strand DNA synthesis from tRNA(3Lys) on lentiviral RNAs: implications of specific HIV-1 RNA-tRNA(3Lys) interactions inhibiting primer utilization by retroviral reverse transcriptases. 1996

E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Initiation of minus (-) strand DNA synthesis was examined on templates containing R, U5, and primer-binding site regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) genomic RNA. DNA synthesis was initiated from (i) an oligoribonucleotide complementary to the primer-binding sites, (ii) synthetic tRNA(3Lys), and (iii) natural tRNA(3Lys), by the reverse transcriptases of HIV-1, FIV, EIAV, simian immunodeficiency virus, HIV type 2 (HIV-2), Moloney murine leukemia virus, and avian myeloblastosis virus. All enzymes used an oligonucleotide on wild-type HIV-1 RNA, whereas only a limited number initiated (-) strand DNA synthesis from either tRNA(3Lys). In contrast, all enzymes supported efficient tRNA(3Lys)-primed (-) strand DNA synthesis on the genomes of FIV and EIAV. This may be in part attributable to the observation that the U5-inverted repeat stem-loop of the EIAV and FIV genomes lacks an A-rich loop shown with HIV-1 to interact with the U-rich tRNA anticodon loop. Deletion of this loop in HIV-1 RNA, or disrupting a critical loop-loop complex by tRNA(3Lys) extended by 9 nt, restored synthesis of HIV-1 (-) strand DNA from primer tRNA(3Lys) by all enzymes. Thus, divergent evolution of lentiviruses may have resulted in different mechanisms to use the same host tRNA for initiation of reverse transcription.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009690 Nucleic Acid Conformation The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape. DNA Conformation,RNA Conformation,Conformation, DNA,Conformation, Nucleic Acid,Conformation, RNA,Conformations, DNA,Conformations, Nucleic Acid,Conformations, RNA,DNA Conformations,Nucleic Acid Conformations,RNA Conformations
D002415 Cats The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801) Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D004279 DNA, Viral Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral DNA
D004860 Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus equine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, EQUINE), causing acute and chronic infection in horses. It is transmitted mechanically by biting flies, mosquitoes, and midges, and iatrogenically through unsterilized equipment. Chronic infection often consists of acute episodes with remissions. Equine infectious anemia virus,Swamp Fever Virus,EIAV,Swamp Fever Viruses
D006736 Horses Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest. Equus caballus,Equus przewalskii,Horse, Domestic,Domestic Horse,Domestic Horses,Horse,Horses, Domestic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA

Related Publications

E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Primer selection by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase on RNA-tRNA(3Lys) and DNA-tRNA(3Lys) hybrids.
August 1996, Journal of molecular biology,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Initiation of reverse transcription of HIV-1: secondary structure of the HIV-1 RNA/tRNA(3Lys) (template/primer).
March 1995, Journal of molecular biology,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Initiation of in vitro reverse transcription from tRNA(Lys3) on HIV-1 or HIV-2 RNAs by both type 1 and 2 reverse transcriptases.
July 1998, FEBS letters,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Analysis of plus-strand primer selection, removal, and reutilization by retroviral reverse transcriptases.
October 2000, The Journal of biological chemistry,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Modified nucleotides of tRNA(3Lys) modulate primer/template loop-loop interaction in the initiation complex of HIV-1 reverse transcription.
December 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Structural bases of the annealing of primer tRNA(3Lys) to the HIV-1 viral RNA.
April 2005, Current HIV research,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Quantitative analysis of the interactions between HIV-1 integrase and retroviral reverse transcriptases.
May 2008, The Biochemical journal,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Retroviral restriction factor APOBEC3G delays the initiation of DNA synthesis by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
January 2013, PloS one,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Solid-phase, single nucleotide primer extension of DNA/RNA hybrids by reverse transcriptases.
September 2001, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters,
E J Arts, and S R Stetor, and X Li, and J W Rausch, and K J Howard, and B Ehresmann, and T W North, and B M Wöhrl, and R S Goody, and M A Wainberg, and S F Grice
Primer unblocking and rescue of DNA synthesis by azidothymidine (AZT)-resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: comparison between initiation and elongation of reverse transcription and between (-) and (+) strand DNA synthesis.
May 2002, The Journal of biological chemistry,
Copied contents to your clipboard!