Biomaterial Database

Comparison of three analytical methods for cocaine analysis of illicit powders. 1996

L Campanella, and C Colapicchioni, and M Tomassetti, and S Dezzi

Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

A new cocaine-sensitive ISFET device based on a cocaine-reineckate ion-pair complex dispersed in a PVC--sebacate matrix has been fabricated. this sensor displays a linear range for cocaine hydrochloride between about 3 x 10(-6) and 2 x 10(-2) M and a fast response (< or = 25 s), which remains almost constant over the pH range 3-7. The sensor has been applied to the analysis of authentic illicit powders containing cocaine hydrochloride and other substances commonly associated with it, or of cocaine free base (crack). Experimental results were compared with those obtained employing two more common instrumental methods of analysis: gas chromatography (GC), and UV absorption spectrometry (the latter applied directly or based on second derivative absorption spectroscopy). Good agreement was found between results obtained by ISFET and GC methods, while UV absorption spectrophotometry proved suitable only in the case of pure cocaine hydrochloride and free base, or in samples also containing lidocaine, but using second derivative absorption spectroscopy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D009294	Narcotics	Agents that induce NARCOSIS. Narcotics include agents that cause somnolence or induced sleep (STUPOR); natural or synthetic derivatives of OPIUM or MORPHINE or any substance that has such effects. They are potent inducers of ANALGESIA and OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS.	Analgesics, Narcotic,Narcotic Analgesics,Narcotic,Narcotic Effect,Narcotic Effects,Effect, Narcotic,Effects, Narcotic
D011208	Powders	Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Powder
D002849	Chromatography, Gas	Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.	Chromatography, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography,Chromatographies, Gas,Chromatographies, Gas-Liquid,Chromatography, Gas Liquid,Gas Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatographies,Gas-Liquid Chromatography
D002852	Chromatography, Ion Exchange	Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.	Chromatography, Ion-Exchange,Ion-Exchange Chromatography,Chromatographies, Ion Exchange,Chromatographies, Ion-Exchange,Ion Exchange Chromatographies,Ion Exchange Chromatography,Ion-Exchange Chromatographies
D003042	Cocaine	An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.	Cocaine HCl,Cocaine Hydrochloride,HCl, Cocaine,Hydrochloride, Cocaine
D013056	Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet	Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
D013287	Illicit Drugs	Drugs that are manufactured, obtained, or sold illegally. They include prescription drugs obtained or sold without prescription and non-prescription drugs. Illicit drugs are widely distributed, tend to be grossly impure and may cause unexpected toxicity.	Club Drug,Drugs, Illegal,Illegal Drug,Illegal Drugs,Illicit Drug,Recreational Drug,Recreational Drugs,Street Drug,Street Drugs,Club Drugs,Drug, Club,Drug, Illegal,Drug, Illicit,Drug, Recreational,Drug, Street,Drugs, Club,Drugs, Illicit,Drugs, Recreational,Drugs, Street
D013861	Thiocyanates	Organic derivatives of thiocyanic acid which contain the general formula R-SCN.	Rhodanate,Rhodanates
D017736	Ion-Selective Electrodes	Electrodes which can be used to measure the concentration of particular ions in cells, tissues, or solutions.	Electrodes, Ion-Selective,Ion Selective Electrode,Ion-Sensitive Electrode,Ion-Sensitive Electrodes,Electrode, Ion Selective,Electrode, Ion-Selective,Electrode, Ion-Sensitive,Electrodes, Ion Selective,Electrodes, Ion-Sensitive,Ion Selective Electrodes,Ion Sensitive Electrode,Ion Sensitive Electrodes,Ion-Selective Electrode,Selective Electrode, Ion,Selective Electrodes, Ion