Biomaterial Database

Virulent and attenuated mutant Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus show marked differences in replication in infection in murine macrophages. 1996

F B Grieder, and H T Nguyen

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.

One of the first target cells at the site of inoculation with an alphavirus may be monocytes or macrophages. The replication kinetics of virulent and attenuated molecularly cloned Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) in murine macrophages were therefore compared. Infection of both quiescent and activated mouse primary peritoneal macrophages with a molecularly cloned, virulent VEE termed V3000 resulted in peak virus titres of 10(4) plaque forming units (PFU)/ml supernatant by 24 h post-infection (pi), followed by rapidly decreasing virus titres. In contrast, a molecularly cloned attenuated VEE mutant, V3032, that differs from V3000 by a single amino acid at E2 glycoprotein position 209 (glu-->lys) replicated more slowly and to higher titres (10(8) PFU/ml supernatant) that peaked at 72 h pi. Replication of V3032, but not V3000, was sharply restricted by prior activation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide or interferon-gamma. These results indicate that virulent V3000 and attenuated V3032 differ in their growth kinetics in both quiescent and activated macrophages. Thus, macrophages, and their specific activation state, may play a major role in virulent and attenuated VEE replication and pathogenesis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007150	Immunohistochemistry	Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.	Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D004666	Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine	A species of ALPHAVIRUS that is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis in humans and equines. It is seen most commonly in parts of Central and South America.	Encephalomyelitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine,Encephalitis Viruses, Venezuelan Equine,Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses,Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus,Virus, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis,Viruses, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis
D005260	Female		Females
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014779	Virus Replication	The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.	Viral Replication,Replication, Viral,Replication, Virus,Replications, Viral,Replications, Virus,Viral Replications,Virus Replications
D017737	Macrophages, Peritoneal	Mononuclear phagocytes derived from bone marrow precursors but resident in the peritoneum.	Peritoneal Macrophages,Macrophage, Peritoneal,Peritoneal Macrophage