Consequences of covert orienting to non-informative stimuli of different modalities: a unitary mechanism? 1996

G Tassinari, and D Campara
Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche e della Visione-Sezione di Fisiologia, Università di Verona, Italy.

Reaction time (RT) to visual targets is lengthened following non-informative cues presented in the same location, or in different locations but in the same hemifield as the targets. RT lengthening is best accounted for by the voluntary suppression of an overt orienting toward the location of the cue: this veto produces an inhibition of the overall motor reactivity towards stimuli presented in the entire hemifield of the cue. This paper shows that ipsilateral inhibition is not unique to the visual system, since the same directional constraints in motor readiness are induced with somatosensory stimulation. RT is slower when a somatic target delivered on a shoulder is preceded by an ipsilateral somatic cue compared to a contralateral one. The neural control of these orienting tendencies may involve the superior colliculus, which contains overlapping maps of the visual, somatosensory and auditory peripheries. This suggestion is reinforced by the presence of cross-modal inhibitory effects in paradigms involving visual cues and somatic targets or somatic cues and visual targets. While the time course of ipsilateral inhibition is similar in the visual and the somatic modalities, cross-modal inhibitory effects are different and somehow complementary when visual cues precede somatic targets (early short-lasting inhibition) or, respectively, somatic cues precede visual targets (late, long-lasting inhibition). An additional finding is that crossed-uncrossed RT differences (CUDs), presumably due to the anatomical relations between stimulus and response, are present in both modalities.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007839 Functional Laterality Behavioral manifestations of cerebral dominance in which there is preferential use and superior functioning of either the left or the right side, as in the preferred use of the right hand or right foot. Ambidexterity,Behavioral Laterality,Handedness,Laterality of Motor Control,Mirror Writing,Laterality, Behavioral,Laterality, Functional,Mirror Writings,Motor Control Laterality,Writing, Mirror,Writings, Mirror
D008297 Male Males
D009949 Orientation Awareness of oneself in relation to time, place and person. Cognitive Orientation,Mental Orientation,Psychological Orientation,Cognitive Orientations,Mental Orientations,Orientation, Cognitive,Orientation, Mental,Orientation, Psychological,Orientations,Orientations, Cognitive,Orientations, Mental,Orientations, Psychological,Psychological Orientations
D010775 Photic Stimulation Investigative technique commonly used during ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY in which a series of bright light flashes or visual patterns are used to elicit brain activity. Stimulation, Photic,Visual Stimulation,Photic Stimulations,Stimulation, Visual,Stimulations, Photic,Stimulations, Visual,Visual Stimulations
D010812 Physical Stimulation Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact. Stimulation, Physical,Physical Stimulations,Stimulations, Physical
D011930 Reaction Time The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed. Response Latency,Response Speed,Response Time,Latency, Response,Reaction Times,Response Latencies,Response Times,Speed, Response,Speeds, Response
D003463 Cues Signals for an action; that specific portion of a perceptual field or pattern of stimuli to which a subject has learned to respond. Cue
D004558 Electric Stimulation Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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