Mutation-selection balance at a modifier-of-imprinting locus. 1996

H G Spencer, and J A Barnett
Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. h.spencer@otago.ac.nz

We propose a pair of population genetic models for a modifier-of-imprinting locus for which different genotypes imprint different proportions of an imprintable target locus in their gametes. The two models examine the situations in which imprinting is advantageous, and we discuss three cases for which the modifier is respectively partially dominant, dominant, or recessive. The models predict the stable equilibrium frequencies of the mutant modifier and functionally diploid individuals in a large population in terms of up to four parameters: the mutation rate at the modifier locus, nu; the selection coefficient against the disadvantageous phenotype, sigma; the proportion of unimprinted eggs produced by homozygotes for the mutant modifier, theta, and, in the partially dominant models, the dominance parameter, kappa. The equilibrium frequency of the mutant phenotypes is shown to be approximately twice that of standard Mendelian models: 2 nu/sigma or 4nu/sigma when the modifier is recessive or dominant, respectively. Mathematical equivalences between these and nonimprinting models are noted.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008432 Mathematical Computing Computer-assisted interpretation and analysis of various mathematical functions related to a particular problem. Statistical Computing,Computing, Statistical,Mathematic Computing,Statistical Programs, Computer Based,Computing, Mathematic,Computing, Mathematical,Computings, Mathematic,Computings, Mathematical,Computings, Statistical,Mathematic Computings,Mathematical Computings,Statistical Computings
D008957 Models, Genetic Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Genetic Models,Genetic Model,Model, Genetic
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D002874 Chromosome Mapping Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome. Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D012641 Selection, Genetic Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population. Natural Selection,Genetic Selection,Selection, Natural
D018392 Genomic Imprinting The variable phenotypic expression of a GENE depending on whether it is of paternal or maternal origin, which is a function of the DNA METHYLATION pattern. Imprinted regions are observed to be more methylated and less transcriptionally active. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) Genetic Imprinting,Parental Imprinting,Imprinting, Genetic,Imprinting, Genomic,Imprinting, Parental

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