Biomaterial Database

[Treatment of various forms of icterus or cholestasis with phenobarbital (author's transl)]. 1977

A Stiehl

Phenobarbital induces microsomal enzymes such as bilirubinglucoronyltransferase and increases bile flow. Therefore Phenobarbital has been used in the treatment of various forms of icterus or cholestasis. The present paper reviews the results of treatment obtained by various authors.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007565	Jaundice	A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction.	Icterus,Jaundice, Hemolytic,Hemolytic Jaundice,Hemolytic Jaundices,Jaundices, Hemolytic
D007566	Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic	A benign, autosomally recessive inherited hyperbilirubinemia characterized by the presence of a dark pigment in the centrilobular region of the liver cells. There is a functional defect in biliary excretion of bilirubin, cholephilic dyes, and porphyrins. Affected persons may be asymptomatic or have vague constitutional or gastrointestinal symptoms. The liver may be slightly enlarged, and oral and intravenous cholangiography fails to visualize the biliary tract.	Dubin-Johnson Syndrome,Hyperbilirubinemia 2,Hyperbilirubinemia II,Chronic Idiopathic Jaundice,Chronic Idiopathic Jaundices,Dubin Johnson Syndrome,Hyperbilirubinemia 2s,Hyperbilirubinemia IIs,Idiopathic Jaundice, Chronic,Idiopathic Jaundices, Chronic,Jaundices, Chronic Idiopathic,Syndrome, Dubin-Johnson
D008105	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary	FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to obstruction of BILE flow (CHOLESTASIS) in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts (BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; BILE DUCTS, EXTRAHEPATIC). Primary biliary cholangitis involves the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts and decreased bile secretion. Secondary biliary cholangitis is produced by prolonged obstruction of large intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts from a variety of causes.	Biliary Cirrhosis,Biliary Cirrhosis, Primary,Biliary Cirrhosis, Secondary,Cholangitis, Chronic Nonsuppurative Destructive,Liver Cirrhosis, Obstructive,Primary Biliary Cholangitis,Biliary Cirrhosis, Primary, 1,Primary Biliary Cirrhosis,Secondary Biliary Cholangitis,Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis,Biliary Cholangitides, Primary,Biliary Cholangitis, Primary,Biliary Cholangitis, Secondary,Cholangitides, Primary Biliary,Cholangitis, Primary Biliary,Cholangitis, Secondary Biliary,Cirrhosis, Biliary,Cirrhosis, Secondary Biliary,Liver Cirrhoses, Biliary,Obstructive Liver Cirrhosis,Primary Biliary Cholangitides,Secondary Biliary Cholangitides
D010634	Phenobarbital	A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.	Phenemal,Phenobarbitone,Phenylbarbital,Gardenal,Hysteps,Luminal,Phenobarbital Sodium,Phenobarbital, Monosodium Salt,Phenylethylbarbituric Acid,Acid, Phenylethylbarbituric,Monosodium Salt Phenobarbital,Sodium, Phenobarbital
D002761	Cholangitis	Inflammation of the biliary ductal system (BILE DUCTS); intrahepatic, extrahepatic, or both.	Cholangitides
D002779	Cholestasis	Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).	Bile Duct Obstruction,Biliary Stasis,Bile Duct Obstructions,Biliary Stases,Cholestases,Duct Obstruction, Bile,Duct Obstructions, Bile,Obstruction, Bile Duct,Obstructions, Bile Duct,Stases, Biliary,Stasis, Biliary
D003414	Crigler-Najjar Syndrome	A familial form of congenital hyperbilirubinemia transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. It is characterized by icterus and brain damage caused by a glucuronyl transferase deficiency in the liver and faulty bilirubin conjugation.	Crigler Najjar Syndrome,Crigler Najjar Syndrome, Type 1,Crigler-Najar Syndrome,Crigler-Najjar Syndrome, Type I,Familial Nonhemolytic Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia,Hereditary Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia,Crigler Najar Syndrome,Crigler Najjar Syndrome, Type I,Crigler Najjar Syndromes,Hereditary Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemias,Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary Unconjugated,Najjar Syndrome, Crigler,Syndrome, Crigler Najjar,Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary
D005878	Gilbert Disease	A benign familial disorder, transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by low-grade chronic hyperbilirubinemia with considerable daily fluctuations of the bilirubin level.	Constitutional Liver Dysfunction,Familial Nonhemolytic Jaundice,Gilbert Syndrome,Gilbert's Disease,Gilbert's Syndrome,Gilbert-Lereboullet Syndrome,Hyperbilirubinemia 1,Hyperbilirubinemia I,Hyperbilirubinemia, Arias Type,Meulengracht Syndrome,Unconjugated Benign Bilirubinemia,Arias Type Hyperbilirubinemia,Arias Type Hyperbilirubinemias,Disease, Gilbert,Disease, Gilbert's,Gilberts Disease,Gilberts Syndrome,Hyperbilirubinemia 1s,Hyperbilirubinemias, Arias Type,Syndrome, Gilbert,Syndrome, Gilbert's
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man