Biomaterial Database

Nasal absorption of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T) and its esters in rats. 1996

T Yajima, and T Hasegawa, and K Juni, and M Saneyoshi, and T Kawaguchi

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.

Nasal absorption of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T) and its esters (5'-acetyl D4T: C2-D4T and 5'-hemisuccinyl D4T: Suc-D4T) was investigated in rats. Bioavailability of D4T following intranasal (i.n.) administration was 98.0%, and the elimination from plasma was as rapid as that following intravenous administration of D4T. There seemed to be complete and rapid absorption of D4T from the nasal cavity. The plasma concentration-time profile of D4T following i.n. administration of C2-D4T was almost the same as that after administration of D4T itself. This suggests that C2-D4T was rapidly absorbed from the nasal cavity, and that some amount of dosing C2-D4T was hydrolyzed to D4T before entering the systemic circulation. In contrast, Suc-D4T showed slower absorption in the i.n. administration, and the plasma D4T level was maintained for a long period.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009297	Nasal Mucosa	The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.	Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D011355	Prodrugs	A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.	Drug Precursor,Drug Precursors,Pro-Drug,Prodrug,Pro-Drugs,Precursor, Drug,Precursors, Drug,Pro Drug,Pro Drugs
D002627	Chemistry, Physical	The study of CHEMICAL PHENOMENA and processes in terms of the underlying PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and processes.	Physical Chemistry,Chemistries, Physical,Physical Chemistries
D002851	Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid	Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.	Chromatography, High Performance Liquid,Chromatography, High Speed Liquid,Chromatography, Liquid, High Pressure,HPLC,High Performance Liquid Chromatography,High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,UPLC,Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography,Chromatography, High-Performance Liquid,High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies,Liquid Chromatography, High-Performance
D004952	Esters	Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water.	Ester
D000042	Absorption	The physical or physiological processes by which substances, tissue, cells, etc. take up or take in other substances or energy.
D000281	Administration, Intranasal	Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.	Drug Administration, Intranasal,Administration, Intranasal Drug,Administration, Nasal,Intranasal Administration,Intranasal Drug Administration,Administrations, Intranasal,Administrations, Intranasal Drug,Administrations, Nasal,Drug Administrations, Intranasal,Intranasal Administrations,Intranasal Drug Administrations,Nasal Administration,Nasal Administrations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001711	Biotransformation	The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.