Biomaterial Database

Prolonged development of normal and parthenogenetic postimplantation mouse embryos in vitro. 1995

L I Penkov, and E S Platonov, and D A New

N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

Parthenogenetic mammalian embryos show reduced placental development and do not develop beyond the 25-somite stage. But non-parthenogenetic embryos in culture, without a functional placenta, can develop to 40 somites or more. We have therefore examined the possibility that parthenogenetic embryos might also show prolonged development in culture. After parthenogenetic activation and diploidization, 23% of CBA and 56-58% of hybrid (CBAxC57BL/6) F1 mouse eggs developed in culture to blastocysts. When transferred to pseudopregnant recipients: 60% of the CBA blastocysts implanted and 26% of these developed to somite stage embryos; 71-72% of the hybrid blastocysts implanted and 11-17% of these developed to somite stage embryos. Improved development of postimplantation embryos explanted into culture at about the 15-20 somite stage was obtained by opening the visceral yolk sac (without exteriorizing the embryo). All the normal (non-parthenogenetic) embryos cultured in this way developed to more than 35 somites and many reached 45-55 somites. Under the same conditions, 11/17 diploid parthenogenetic CBA embryos developed in culture to more than 35 somites and 5 of these reached 45 somites; and 9/28 diploid parthenogenetic (CBAxC57BL/6) F1 embryos developed to 35 somites or more and 5 of these reached 45 somites. The size and protein content of the parthenogenetic embryos after culture was less than that of the normal embryos of equivalent stages. These results raise new possibilities for the analysis of parthenogenesis and genomic imprinting, including studies of the effects of adding to the culture medium specific growth factors and demethylating agents.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008808	Mice, Inbred CBA	An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.	Mice, CBA,Mouse, CBA,Mouse, Inbred CBA,CBA Mice,CBA Mice, Inbred,CBA Mouse,CBA Mouse, Inbred,Inbred CBA Mice,Inbred CBA Mouse
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D010312	Parthenogenesis	A unisexual reproduction without the fusion of a male and a female gamete (FERTILIZATION). In parthenogenesis, an individual is formed from an unfertilized OVUM that did not complete MEIOSIS. Parthenogenesis occurs in nature and can be artificially induced.	Arrhenotoky,Automixis,Thelytoky,Parthenogeneses
D001755	Blastocyst	A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper.	Embryo, Preimplantation,Blastocysts,Embryos, Preimplantation,Preimplantation Embryo,Preimplantation Embryos
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D004171	Diploidy	The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented twice. Symbol: 2N or 2X.	Diploid,Diploid Cell,Cell, Diploid,Cells, Diploid,Diploid Cells,Diploidies,Diploids
D004624	Embryo Transfer	The transfer of mammalian embryos from an in vivo or in vitro environment to a suitable host to improve pregnancy or gestational outcome in human or animal. In human fertility treatment programs, preimplantation embryos ranging from the 4-cell stage to the blastocyst stage are transferred to the uterine cavity between 3-5 days after FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.	Blastocyst Transfer,Tubal Embryo Transfer,Tubal Embryo Stage Transfer,Embryo Transfers,Transfer, Embryo,Transfers, Embryo
D005314	Embryonic and Fetal Development	Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.	Embryo and Fetal Development,Prenatal Programming,Programming, Prenatal
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D046508	Culture Techniques	Methods of maintaining or growing biological materials in controlled laboratory conditions. These include the cultures of CELLS; TISSUES; organs; or embryo in vitro. Both animal and plant tissues may be cultured by a variety of methods. Cultures may derive from normal or abnormal tissues, and consist of a single cell type or mixed cell types.	Culture Technique,Technique, Culture,Techniques, Culture