Urinary excretion of chromium as an indicator of exposure to various chromium forms in MMA/SS welders. 1995

W Matczak, and M Trzcinka-Ochocka, and J Chmielnicka
Department of Chemical Hazards, The Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.

Increased levels of Cr discharged with urine after working shift, Cr-U (arithmetic mean 15.8 mu g/g creatinine), and Cr buildup during working shift, DeltaCr-U (arithmetic mean 3.8 mu g/g creatinine), were observed in 15 MMA/SS welders exposed during the working week to welding fumes containing Cr VI (33-56%) - mainly soluble (87%) and Cr III (44-67%) - mainly insoluble (72%). The highest correlation coefficients were obtained for DeltaCr-U vs. Cr total (r = 0.58), Cr VI (r = 0.56) and soluble Cr III in the air. Increased DeltaCr-U value for exposures at MAC Cr VI (16.8 mu g/g creatinine) was demonstrated in welders employed longer than 7 years and exposed to Cr VI below MAC level, which might suggest that the duration of employment affects that value within the low range of concentration of Cr VI in the air (< 0.03 mg/m3). Nevertheless, linear relationship between DeltaCr-U for exposures to Cr VI at MAC levels and duration of employment was not confirmed for wide range of air Cr VI (0.005-0.4 mg/m3). Similar DeltaCr-U values at MAC for Cr VI (6.4 and 6.6 mu g/g creatinine) were obtained for all welders, and those employed over 7 years, respectively, which may suggest that this parameter can be misleading.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D002617 Chemical Industry The aggregate enterprise of manufacturing and technically producing chemicals. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Industry, Chemical,Chemical Industries,Industries, Chemical
D002857 Chromium A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.
D004784 Environmental Monitoring The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment. Monitoring, Environmental,Environmental Surveillance,Surveillance, Environmental
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014896 Welding Joining metal pieces or parts together by melting the adjoining surfaces with heat, using a heat source such as a blowtorch or electric arc. The melted surfaces are then pressed together by hammering.
D016273 Occupational Exposure The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents that occurs as a result of one's occupation. Exposure, Occupational,Exposures, Occupational,Occupational Exposures

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