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Evidence for involvement of yeast proliferating cell nuclear antigen in DNA mismatch repair. 1996

R E Johnson, and G K Kovvali, and S N Guzder, and N S Amin, and C Holm, and Y Habraken, and P Sung, and L Prakash, and S Prakash
Sealy Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1061, USA.

DNA mismatch repair plays a key role in the maintenance of genetic fidelity. Mutations in the human mismatch repair genes hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, and hPMS2 are associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is essential for DNA replication, where it acts as a processivity factor. Here, we identify a point mutation, pol30-104, in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae POL30 gene encoding PCNA that increases the rate of instability of simple repetitive DNA sequences and raises the rate of spontaneous forward mutation. Epistasis analyses with mutations in mismatch repair genes MSH2, MLH1, and PMS1 suggest that the pol30-104 mutation impairs MSH2/MLH1/PMS1-dependent mismatch repair, consistent with the hypothesis that PCNA functions in mismatch repair. MSH2 functions in mismatch repair with either MSH3 or MSH6, and the MSH2-MSH3 and MSH2-MSH6 heterodimers have a role in the recognition of DNA mismatches. Consistent with the genetic data, we find specific interaction of PCNA with the MSH2-MSH3 heterodimer.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009363 Neoplasm Proteins Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm. Proteins, Neoplasm
D011506 Proteins Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D002352 Carrier Proteins Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes. Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D004260 DNA Repair The removal of DNA LESIONS and/or restoration of intact DNA strands without BASE PAIR MISMATCHES, intrastrand or interstrand crosslinks, or discontinuities in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbones. DNA Damage Response
D004268 DNA-Binding Proteins Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. DNA Helix Destabilizing Proteins,DNA-Binding Protein,Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Binding Protein,DNA Single-Stranded Binding Protein,SS DNA BP,Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein,Binding Protein, DNA,DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Single Stranded Binding Protein,DNA-Binding Protein, Single-Stranded,Protein, DNA-Binding,Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein,Single Stranded DNA Binding Proteins
D005656 Fungal Proteins Proteins found in any species of fungus. Fungal Gene Products,Fungal Gene Proteins,Fungal Peptides,Gene Products, Fungal,Yeast Proteins,Gene Proteins, Fungal,Peptides, Fungal,Proteins, Fungal
D005800 Genes, Fungal The functional hereditary units of FUNGI. Fungal Genes,Fungal Gene,Gene, Fungal
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000070956 MutL Proteins DNA repair proteins that include the bacterial MutL protein and its eukaryotic homologs. They consist of a conserved N-terminal region with weak ATPase activity, an endonuclease motif, and a C-terminal domain that forms MutL homodimers or heterodimers between MLH1 and the PMS1, MISMATCH REPAIR ENDONUCLEASE PMS2; or MLH3 proteins. These complexes function in DNA repair pathways, primarily DNA MISMATCH REPAIR, where MutL/MLH1 and the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN are targeted to damaged DNA. MutL Homologs
D000070957 MutL Protein Homolog 1 Eukaryotic homolog of the bacterial MutL DNA MISMATCH REPAIR protein. It heterodimerizes with MISMATCH REPAIR ENDONUCLEASE PMS2 to form MutL alpha, which is recruited to DNA mismatch sites by the MUTS DNA MISMATCH-BINDING PROTEIN. Mutations in the human MLH1 gene are associated with COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS, HEREDITARY NONPOLYPOSIS. COCA2 Protein,Colon Cancer, Nonpolyposis Type 2 Protein,MLH1 Protein,MutL Homolog 1

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