Biomaterial Database

Prevention of enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment: an in vitro study using pit and fissure sealants. 1996

M C Frazier, and T E Southard, and P M Doster

Department of Orthodontics, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.

Enamel demineralization during active orthodontic treatment remains a significant problem. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying a light-cured unfilled resin, a conventional pit and fissure sealant, to the labial surface of teeth with previously placed orthodontic appliances to prevent demineralization. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to 40 extracted human teeth with a commercially available orthodontic adhesive. The exposed labial surfaces of 30 teeth (experimental group) were sealed with a clear, light-cured, unfilled resin. The remaining 10 teeth (control group) were left unsealed. Both groups were placed in a demineralization environment, and then all teeth were sectioned and examined under polarized light microscopy for the presence or absence of enamel demineralization. Every member of the control group exhibited demineralization of the entire exposed labial surface, whereas 80% of the sealed teeth exhibited no demineralization. Small, isolated areas of enamel loss were seen in six of the sealed teeth representing "breaks" in the sealant layer. The results of this study indicate that light-cured sealant treatment after orthodontic appliance placement significantly reduces enamel demineralization.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010895	Pit and Fissure Sealants	Agents used to occlude dental enamel pits and fissures in the prevention of dental caries.	Dental Sealant,Dental Sealants,Fissure Sealant,Fissure Sealants,Pit And Fissure Sealant,Pit Fissure Sealant,Sealants, Tooth,Pit Fissure Sealants,Sealants, Dental,Fissure Sealant, Pit,Fissure Sealants, Pit,Sealant, Dental,Sealant, Fissure,Sealant, Pit Fissure,Sealant, Tooth,Sealants, Fissure,Sealants, Pit Fissure,Tooth Sealant,Tooth Sealants
D005069	Evaluation Studies as Topic	Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies.	Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D016009	Chi-Square Distribution	A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.	Chi-Square Test,Chi Square Distribution,Chi Square Test,Chi-Square Distributions,Chi-Square Tests,Distribution, Chi-Square,Distributions, Chi-Square,Test, Chi-Square,Tests, Chi-Square
D016910	Orthodontic Brackets	Small metal or ceramic attachments used to fasten an arch wire. These attachments are soldered or welded to an orthodontic band or cemented directly onto the teeth. Bowles brackets, edgewise brackets, multiphase brackets, ribbon arch brackets, twin-wire brackets, and universal brackets are all types of orthodontic brackets.	Dental Braces,Orthodontic Braces,Brace, Dental,Brace, Orthodontic,Braces, Dental,Braces, Orthodontic,Bracket, Orthodontic,Brackets, Orthodontic,Dental Brace,Orthodontic Brace,Orthodontic Bracket
D017001	Tooth Demineralization	A tooth's loss of minerals, such as calcium in hydroxyapatite from the tooth matrix, caused by acidic exposure. An example of the occurrence of demineralization is in the formation of dental caries.	Demineralization, Tooth
D017438	Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate	The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.	Bis-GMA,Bis-GMA Polymer,2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxy(2-hydroxy-3,1-propanediyl)) ester, homopolymer,Adaptic,Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate),Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate), Homopolymer,Bis(Phenol A-Glycydyl Methacrylate),Bis-GMA Resin,Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer,Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer,Concise Composite Resin,Concise Enamel Bond,Concise Enamel Bond System,Concise Resin,Concise White Sealant,Conclude Composite Resin,Conclude Resin,Delton,Epoxylite-9075,Kerr Pit and Fissure Sealant,Kerr Sealer,Nuva-Seal,Panavia Opaque,Poly(Bis-GMA),Retroplast,Silux,Bis GMA,Bis GMA Polymer,Bis GMA Resin,Bis-GMA Polymers,Bis-GMA Resins,Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate,Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer,Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer,Bond, Concise Enamel,Composite Resin, Concise,Composite Resin, Conclude,Composite Resins, Concise,Concise Composite Resins,Concise Resins,Enamel Bond, Concise,Epoxylite 9075,Epoxylite9075,Methacrylate, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl,Nuva Seal,NuvaSeal,Opaque, Panavia,Polymer, Bis-GMA,Polymers, Bis-GMA,Resin, Bis-GMA,Resin, Concise,Resin, Concise Composite,Resin, Conclude,Resin, Conclude Composite,Resins, Bis-GMA,Resins, Concise,Resins, Concise Composite