Induction of glucose-regulated protein (glucose-regulated protein 78/BiP and glucose-regulated protein 94) and heat shock protein 70 transcripts in the immature rat brain following status epilepticus. 1996

E Little, and G Tocco, and M Baudry, and A S Lee, and S S Schreiber
Department of Biochemistry, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.

Prior to 21 days of age, the immature rat brain is relatively resistant to excitotoxicity caused by the glutamate analogue, kainate. As stress-inducible proteins (GRP78, GRP94 and HSP70) have been proposed to possess molecular chaperone activity and protect cells from the deleterious effects of damaged proteins, we examined the pattern of expression of their respective messenger RNAs following systemic kainate at different postnatal ages. In untreated rats between seven and 21 days old, there was a higher basal level of grp78 and grp94 expression compared to hsp70. Unlike hsp70, which was inducible only in 21-day-old rats, kainate-mediated grp94 induction occurred in several regions of the brain as early as postnatal day 7. Grp78 messenger RNA expression was also increased by kainate treatment in 14-day-old rats, and the induction was most pronounced in the kainate-resistant dentate gyrus. With increasing age, longer lasting expression of both grp78 and grp94 messenger RNAs was observed in kainate-vulnerable regions, similar to observations in the adult rat brain. These results demonstrate non-overlapping expression patterns of glucose-regulated proteins and HSP70 in the immature central nervous system, suggesting that they serve different functions. While hsp70 induction could be a marker for potential cell injury and death, increased expression of grp78 and grp94 could play a neuroprotective role in the developing rat brain.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007608 Kainic Acid (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. Digenic Acid,Kainate,Acid, Digenic,Acid, Kainic
D008297 Male Males
D008565 Membrane Proteins Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors. Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D009419 Nerve Tissue Proteins Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D002352 Carrier Proteins Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes. Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006360 Heat-Shock Proteins Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions. Stress Protein,Stress Proteins,Heat-Shock Protein,Heat Shock Protein,Heat Shock Proteins,Protein, Stress
D000091342 Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP An ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM specific chaperone of the HSP70 family. They are involved in folding and oligomerization of secreted and membrane proteins and ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS related UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE. Binding-immunoglobulin Protein Molecular Chaperone,Glucose Regulated Protein 78 kDa,Grp78,HSPA5 Protein,Heat-Shock Protein 5,Molecular Chaperone BiP,Molecular Chaperone GRP78,BiP, Molecular Chaperone,Binding immunoglobulin Protein Molecular Chaperone,GRP78, Molecular Chaperone,Heat Shock Protein 5,Protein, HSPA5
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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