Symbiotic nitrogen fixation does not require adenylylation of glutamine synthetase I in Rhizobium meliloti. 1996

T Arcondéguy, and I Huez, and J Fourment, and D Kahn
Laboratoire de Bíologie Moléculaire des Relations Plantes-Microorganismes, UMR 215 INRAICNRS, Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet-Tolosan, France.

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is accompanied by a shift of Rhizobium nitrogen metabolism from ammonium assimilation to ammonium export, which probably involves genetic or metabolic regulation of glutamine synthetase activity. In free-living Rhizobium meliloti glutamine synthetase I (GSI) is regulated post-translationally by reversible adenylylation in response to ammonium addition. Moreover, full expression of the GSI gene glnA requires the transcriptional activator, NtrC. A glnA1 mutant synthesizing a non-adenylylatable GSI produces normal nitrogen-fixing nodules on alfalfa: GSI adenylylation is dispensable for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This is rationalized by the observation that less GS protein is present in R. meliloti bacteroids than in free-living bacterial cells.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009586 Nitrogen Fixation The process in certain BACTERIA; FUNGI; and CYANOBACTERIA converting free atmospheric NITROGEN to biologically usable forms of nitrogen, such as AMMONIA; NITRATES; and amino compounds. Diazotrophy,Diazotrophic Activity,Dinitrogen Fixation,N2 Fixation,Activities, Diazotrophic,Activity, Diazotrophic,Diazotrophic Activities,Fixation, Dinitrogen,Fixation, N2,Fixation, Nitrogen
D010641 Phenotype The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment. Phenotypes
D005974 Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP, L-glutamate, and NH3 to ADP, orthophosphate, and L-glutamine. It also acts more slowly on 4-methylene-L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 6.3.1.2. Glutamine Synthetase,Glutamate Ammonia Ligase (ADP),Glutamate Ammonia Ligase,Ligase, Glutamate-Ammonia,Synthetase, Glutamine
D000250 Adenosine Phosphosulfate 5'-Adenylic acid, monoanhydride with sulfuric acid. The initial compound formed by the action of ATP sulfurylase on sulfate ions after sulfate uptake. Synonyms: adenosine sulfatophosphate; APS. Adenylyl Sulfate,Adenosine 5'-Phosphosulfate,Phospho-Adenylsulfate,5'-Phosphosulfate, Adenosine,Adenosine 5' Phosphosulfate,Phospho Adenylsulfate,Phosphosulfate, Adenosine,Sulfate, Adenylyl
D000644 Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN Quaternary Ammonium Compound,Ammonium Compound, Quaternary,Ammonium Compounds, Quaternary,Compound, Quaternary Ammonium
D013559 Symbiosis The relationship between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other or a relationship between different species where both of the organisms in question benefit from the presence of the other. Endosymbiosis,Commensalism,Mutualism
D016296 Mutagenesis Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS. Mutageneses
D016962 Sinorhizobium meliloti A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that causes formation of root nodules on some, but not all, types of sweet clover, MEDICAGO SATIVA, and fenugreek. Ensifer meliloti,Rhizobium meliloti

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