Analysis of live, oral poliovirus vaccine monopools for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus. 1996

A S Khan, and M Shahabuddin, and T Bryan, and B H Joshi, and S Lee, and I K Hewlett
Laboratory of Retrovirus Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Although there is no evidence for transmission of mammalian retroviruses to humans via vaccine immunization, the allegations of contamination of oral poliovirus vaccines with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 or a hypothetical progenitor virus from monkeys has created controversy and dispute regarding the origin of AIDS in humans. Twelve monovalent lots of live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine types 1, 2, and 3, which were released for use by a North American manufacturer between 1976-1989, were tested for the presence of HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). HIV/SIV were not detected in these monovalent poliovirus vaccine lots with the reverse transcriptase assay, a general detection assay, and highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assays.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009693 Nucleic Acid Hybridization Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503) Genomic Hybridization,Acid Hybridization, Nucleic,Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic,Genomic Hybridizations,Hybridization, Genomic,Hybridization, Nucleic Acid,Hybridizations, Genomic,Hybridizations, Nucleic Acid,Nucleic Acid Hybridizations
D011055 Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture, used for routine immunization of children against polio. This vaccine induces long-lasting intestinal and humoral immunity. Killed vaccine induces only humoral immunity. Oral poliovirus vaccine should not be administered to immunocompromised individuals or their household contacts. (Dorland, 28th ed) Sabin Vaccine,Oral Poliovirus Vaccine,Vaccine, Oral Poliovirus,Vaccine, Sabin
D004279 DNA, Viral Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral DNA
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000882 Haplorhini A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes). Anthropoidea,Monkeys,Anthropoids,Monkey
D012367 RNA, Viral Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral RNA
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D015302 Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). The genetic organization of SIV is virtually identical to HIV. SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus),Immunodeficiency Viruses, Simian,Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses,Immunodeficiency Virus, Simian

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