Biomaterial Database

Bicarbonate/chloride exchange and intracellular pH throughout preimplantation mouse embryo development. 1996

Y Zhao, and J M Baltz

Loeb Medical Research Institute, Ottawa Civic Hospital, Ontario, Canada.

HCO3-/Cl- exchanger activity, which regulates intracellular pH (pHi) in the alkaline range, has been shown to be present throughout preimplantation mouse embryo development and to be necessary for embryo viability. We have characterized HCO3-/Cl- exchange activity and its regulation of pHi throughout preimplantation development (1-cell, 2-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages). Embryos at each stage can recover from alkalosis. Recovery was dependent on external [Cl-], activated by increased pHi, and inhibited by the anion transport inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and external HCO3-. Dependence of exchanger activity on external [Cl-] and pHi remained unchanged during preimplantation development. However, the concentration at which DIDS inhibits the maximal response by 50% increased significantly (by approximately 5-fold) after the one-cell stage. In addition, HCO3-/Cl- exchange activity decreased over the course of development, with significantly lower activity at the morula and blastocyst stages relative to the one- and two-cell stages, coinciding with the movement of embryo from the high pH environment of the oviduct to the lower pH environment of the uterus.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D009028	Morula	An early embryo that is a compact mass of about 16 BLASTOMERES. It resembles a cluster of mulberries with two types of cells, outer cells and inner cells. Morula is the stage before BLASTULA in non-mammalian animals or a BLASTOCYST in mammals.	Morulas
D001755	Blastocyst	A post-MORULA preimplantation mammalian embryo that develops from a 32-cell stage into a fluid-filled hollow ball of over a hundred cells. A blastocyst has two distinctive tissues. The outer layer of trophoblasts gives rise to extra-embryonic tissues. The inner cell mass gives rise to the embryonic disc and eventual embryo proper.	Embryo, Preimplantation,Blastocysts,Embryos, Preimplantation,Preimplantation Embryo,Preimplantation Embryos
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D002712	Chlorides	Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.	Chloride,Chloride Ion Level,Ion Level, Chloride,Level, Chloride Ion
D005314	Embryonic and Fetal Development	Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS or FETUSES.	Embryo and Fetal Development,Prenatal Programming,Programming, Prenatal
D005456	Fluorescent Dyes	Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags.	Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001639	Bicarbonates	Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.	Bicarbonate,Bicarbonate Ions,Hydrogen Carbonates,Bicarbonate Ion,Carbonic Acid Ions,Hydrogen Carbonate,Carbonate, Hydrogen,Carbonates, Hydrogen,Ion, Bicarbonate,Ions, Bicarbonate,Ions, Carbonic Acid