Biomaterial Database

Effects of organotypic culture on parasympathetic innervation of guinea pig trachealis. 1996

B J Canning, and B J Undem, and P C Karakousis, and R D Dey

Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.

Nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxations of airway smooth muscle are thought to be mediated by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nitric oxide (NO). Previous studies of the parasympathetic innervation of guinea pig trachealis suggest that the ganglion neurons mediating NANC relaxations but not cholinergic contractions are associated with the esophagus. In this study, the location of the neurons mediating these responses and their neurochemical phenotype was further assessed. Guinea pig tracheas maintained in organotypic culture for 2 days with the adjacent esophagus intact displayed cholinergic contractions and NANC relaxations to electrical field stimulation (EFS) as well as VIP and NO synthase (NOS) nerve fiber densities that were similar to those of control tracheas. By contrast, in tracheas cultured without the esophagus, NANC relaxations to EFS were not observed, and VIP and NOS nerve fiber densities were reduced > 80%. EFS-induced cholinergic contractions were unaffected by esophagus removal. These results provide further evidence that NANC relaxations are mediated by VIP and NO coreleased from noncholinergic parasympathetic nerve endings derived from neurons intrinsic to the esophagus.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008981	Molsidomine	A morpholinyl sydnone imine ethyl ester, having a nitrogen in place of the keto oxygen. It acts as NITRIC OXIDE DONORS and is a vasodilator that has been used in ANGINA PECTORIS.	Morsydomine,Corpea,Corvaton,Duracoron,Fali-Cor,Korvatone,MTW-Molsidomin,Molsi 1A Pharma,Molsi-AZU,Molsi-Puren,Molsibeta,Molsicor,Molsidain,Molsidomin,Molsidomin Heumann,Molsidomin Stada,Molsidomin Von Ct,Molsidomin-Ratiopharm,Molsihexal,Molsiket,SIN-10,Sydnopharm,Fali Cor,Heumann, Molsidomin,MTW Molsidomin,Molsi AZU,Molsi Puren,Molsidomin Ratiopharm,SIN 10,SIN10,Von Ct, Molsidomin
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009126	Muscle Relaxation	That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.	Muscle Relaxations,Relaxation, Muscle,Relaxations, Muscle
D009130	Muscle, Smooth	Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D009197	Myenteric Plexus	One of two ganglionated neural networks which together form the ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM. The myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the gut. Its neurons project to the circular muscle, to other myenteric ganglia, to submucosal ganglia, or directly to the epithelium, and play an important role in regulating and patterning gut motility. (From FASEB J 1989;3:127-38)	Auerbach's Plexus,Auerbach Plexus,Auerbachs Plexus,Plexus, Auerbach's,Plexus, Myenteric
D009412	Nerve Fibers	Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Cerebellar Mossy Fibers,Mossy Fibers, Cerebellar,Cerebellar Mossy Fiber,Mossy Fiber, Cerebellar,Nerve Fiber
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D009924	Organ Culture Techniques	A technique for maintenance or growth of animal organs in vitro. It refers to three-dimensional cultures of undisaggregated tissue retaining some or all of the histological features of the tissue in vivo. (Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, 3d ed, p1)	Organ Culture,Culture Technique, Organ,Culture Techniques, Organ,Organ Culture Technique,Organ Cultures
D010275	Parasympathetic Nervous System	The craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system. The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are in brain stem nuclei and in the sacral spinal cord. They synapse in cranial autonomic ganglia or in terminal ganglia near target organs. The parasympathetic nervous system generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system.	Nervous System, Parasympathetic,Nervous Systems, Parasympathetic,Parasympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Parasympathetic Nervous,Systems, Parasympathetic Nervous