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Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure in the population. 1996

F Nyström, and O Malmström, and B E Karlberg, and K P Ohman
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.

OBJECTIVE To establish a population-based 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) reference material with day/night mean BP calculated by standardized and true bedtimes. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 200 randomly selected subjects (20 men and 20 women in each 10-year age interval 20-70 years) in Linköping, Sweden. METHODS University Hospital of Linköping, Sweden. RESULTS Participation rate was 67%. Mean supine clinic BP (CBP) and 24-h-ABP values for the whole material were 123 +/- 13/79 +/- 8 mmHg and 120 +/- 10/73 +/- 7 mmHg, respectively. White coat BP phenomenon increased with age (systolic CBP/ABP ratio versus age, r = 0.35, P < 0.0001). Seventeen participants had a night/day mean arterial blood pressure ratio > 0.9 (non-dipper) when calculated from their own time-notations. If standardized day (06.00-23.00) and night (23.00-06.00) limits were used, 24 subjects were non-dippers. Of these, only eight were 'true'. 'True' non-dippers had a similar day-time mean arterial ABP as 'true' dippers (92.4 +/- 11 mmHg versus 91.9 +/- 13 mmHg, P = 0.92) while night-time BP was higher (89.9 +/- 13 mmHg versus 74.1 +/- 7 mmHg, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Population-based ABP reference values have been defined. We found 9% non-dippers and that standardized day/night-time limits may lead to misclassification. This could be due to gender- and age-differences in sleeping habits, which was also shown in this study. The frequency of white coat BP phenomenon increases with age.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D012016 Reference Values The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality. Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D012044 Regression Analysis Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable. Regression Diagnostics,Statistical Regression,Analysis, Regression,Analyses, Regression,Diagnostics, Regression,Regression Analyses,Regression, Statistical,Regressions, Statistical,Statistical Regressions
D001795 Blood Pressure Determination Techniques used for measuring BLOOD PRESSURE. Blood Pressure Determinations,Determination, Blood Pressure
D002940 Circadian Rhythm The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs or environmental and physiological stimuli. Diurnal Rhythm,Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythm,Nycthemeral Rhythm,Circadian Rhythms,Diurnal Rhythms,Nycthemeral Rhythms,Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Rhythm, Circadian,Rhythm, Diurnal,Rhythm, Nycthemeral,Rhythm, Nyctohemeral,Rhythm, Twenty-Four Hour,Rhythms, Circadian,Rhythms, Diurnal,Rhythms, Nycthemeral,Rhythms, Nyctohemeral,Rhythms, Twenty-Four Hour,Twenty Four Hour Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythms
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

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