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Unroofed coronary sinus, a rare congenital anomaly first described by Raghib and colleagues1 in 1965, is a result of an embryologic error involving imperfect or complete failure of development of the left atriovenous fold, which is manifested as a focal (fenestration or partial unroofing of the coronary sinus) or complete absence of the coronary sinus septum. Before the era of echocardiography, precise diagnosis of this anomaly was possible only during surgical procedure or at autopsy. Since the advent of the echocardiography, several studies have reported the usefulness of two-dimensional transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of unroofed coronary sinus. We describe the intracardiac echocardiographic delineation of partially unroofed coronary sinus and persistent left superior vena cava in a patient with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Incidental finding of the dilated coronary sinus during radio frequency ablation of the tachycardia led to the diagnosis of this unusual anomaly.
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
October 2007,
European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
December 2006,
Lancet (London, England),
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
January 1996,
European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
September 2012,
Journal of ultrasound,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
February 1994,
Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
June 1997,
Heart (British Cardiac Society),
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
July 2008,
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.),
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
February 1991,
Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
September 2022,
Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals,
M C Chen, and
J S Hung, and
K C Chang, and
P H Lo, and
Y C Chen, and
M Fu
May 1992,
Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery,
