Biomaterial Database

Secretory phospholipase A2 activity is elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after ovalbumin sensitization of guinea pigs. 1996

A C Sane, and T Mendenhall, and D A Bass

Section on Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, The Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27157-1054, USA.

Arachidonic acid (AA), the precursor of eicosanoids, is released from the sn-2 position of phospholipids by both secretory (sPLA2) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). Eicosanoids have been shown to contribute to bronchospasm in asthma. We measured the enzymatic activity of sPLA2 and cPLA2 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cells, respectively, in male Hartley guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin. sPLA2 activity was also measured from alveolar macrophages (AM) in culture from unsensitized and sensitized animals. There was an increase in sPLA2 activity and AA content in the lavage fluid following sensitization (18.73 +/- 1.33 to 25.74 +/- 3.22% hydrolysis and 17.97 +/- 12.39 to 44.76 +/- 13.37 pmol AA/mL BAL, mean +/- SD), which remained elevated but without further increase 4 or 24 h after antigen challenge. AM from unsensitized and sensitized-unchallenged animals did not secrete sPLA2 activity in culture for 3 h and therefore do not appear to be the cell source of the sPLA2 activity present in the alveolar lavage fluid following OA sensitization. In contrast to the increase in sPLA2 in lung lavage fluid, Western blotting for cPLA2 from lung lavage cells showed no increase 4 or 24 h after antigen challenge compared with sensitization alone. cPLA2 enzymatic activity of the cytosol fraction of lung lavage cells showed no changes with antigen sensitization or challenge. In summary, intraperitoneal sensitization with ovalbumin in male Hartley guinea pigs caused an increase in both sPLA2 and AA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid without a need for antigen challenge. The increased sPLA2 enzymatic activity following sensitization may be responsible for the elevation of AA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid observed after antigen sensitization.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006967	Hypersensitivity	Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	Allergy,Allergic Reaction,Allergic Reactions,Allergies,Hypersensitivities,Reaction, Allergic,Reactions, Allergic
D008297	Male		Males
D010047	Ovalbumin	An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	Serpin B14
D010741	Phospholipases A	Phospholipases that hydrolyze one of the acyl groups of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates.
D001992	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.	Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001249	Asthma	A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	Asthma, Bronchial,Bronchial Asthma,Asthmas
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor