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Neutrophils induce lung injury by releasing superoxides (O2-) and elastases. Alveoli contain anti-neutrophil agents such as surfactant. We studied the effects of alveolar type II cells on neutrophil functions. Neutrophils were isolated from human venous blood and their O2- production was measured by the cytochrome C reduction method. Type II cells and fibroblasts were isolated from rat lungs. Neutrophil O2-production was inhibited in the presence of type II cells. This effect was specific to type II cells: fibroblasts caused no inhibition. The inhibition did not require cell-to-cell contact, and it was abolished by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME. These results show that type II cells can inhibit neutrophil O2-production, and suggest that anti-neutrophil activity in alveoli may involve both surfactant and type II cells.
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