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Elution characteristics of vancomycin and tobramycin combined in acrylic bone-cement. 1996

M J Penner, and B A Masri, and C P Duncan
Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Combining two antibiotics in antibiotic-loaded bone-cement is common in clinical practice. As the effect this has on elution characteristics is unknown, an in vitro quantitative elution study was carried out. Three groups of five antibiotic-loaded cement disks were prepared and placed in individual saline baths for 5 weeks. The elution of tobramycin from the disks in the study group (containing 2.4 g tobramycin and 1.0 g vancomycin per 40-g packet of Palacos-R cement powder [Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics, Memphis, TN]) was increased by 68% over that of the tobramycin control disks (2.4 g tobramycin only) (P = .024). The release of vancomycin from the study group disks was increased by 103% over the vancomycin control disks (1.0 g vancomycin only) (P = .007). Combining two antibiotics in bone-cement improves elution of both antibiotics in vitro and may translate into enhanced elution in vivo.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008768 Methylmethacrylates The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances.
D001843 Bone Cements Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures. Synthetic resins are commonly used as cements. A mixture of monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with a sodium phosphate solution is also a useful bone paste. Bone Cement,Bone Glues,Bone Pastes,Bone Glue,Bone Paste,Cement, Bone,Cements, Bone,Glue, Bone,Glues, Bone,Paste, Bone,Pastes, Bone
D004337 Drug Carriers Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers. Drug Carrier
D004359 Drug Therapy, Combination Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect. Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D014031 Tobramycin An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species. Nebramycin Factor 6,Brulamycin,Nebcin,Nebicin,Obracin,Tobracin,Tobramycin Sulfate,Sulfate, Tobramycin
D014640 Vancomycin Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear. AB-Vancomycin,Diatracin,VANCO-cell,Vanco Azupharma,Vanco-saar,Vancocin,Vancocin HCl,Vancocine,Vancomicina Abbott,Vancomicina Chiesi,Vancomicina Combino Phar,Vancomicina Norman,Vancomycin Hexal,Vancomycin Hydrochloride,Vancomycin Lilly,Vancomycin Phosphate (1:2),Vancomycin Phosphate (1:2), Decahydrate,Vancomycin Sulfate,Vancomycin-ratiopharm,Vancomycine Dakota,Hydrochloride, Vancomycin,Sulfate, Vancomycin
D016503 Drug Delivery Systems Systems for the delivery of drugs to target sites of pharmacological actions. Technologies employed include those concerning drug preparation, route of administration, site targeting, metabolism, and toxicity. Drug Targeting,Delivery System, Drug,Delivery Systems, Drug,Drug Delivery System,Drug Targetings,System, Drug Delivery,Systems, Drug Delivery,Targeting, Drug,Targetings, Drug

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