Biomaterial Database

[Bacteremia caused by Alcaligenes (Achromobacter) xylosoxidans. Description of 3 cases and review of the literature]. 1996

J M Ramos, and M Domine, and M C Ponte, and F Soriano

Departamento de Microbiología Médica, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid.

BACKGROUND Alcaligenes (Achromobacter) xylosoxidans occasionally cause infections, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. METHODS Three cases of bacteremia due to A. xylosoxidans observed at the Fundación Jiménez Díaz between 1985-1994 were described. Moreover, 38 single cases of bacteremia due to A. xylosoxidans and 21 episodes associated with outbreak were reviewed by using computerized bibliography data base MEDLINE (1970-december 1994). RESULTS From 41 patients with bacteremia (including our 3 cases) reviewed, 27 were immunosuppressed hosts (twenty had neoplasia disease). The most common clinical presentation was primary bacteremia (11 cases, 27%) and pneumonia (10, 24%), followed by catheter-associated bacteremia (8, 20%), meningitis (4), bacteremia from abdominal cavity (4), endocarditis (3) and pyelonephritis (1). The mortality rate was higher (39%), specially in patients whom were a intensive care unit acquisition (87%), and illness with endocarditis (100%). No patient with catheter-related bacteremia died. All of 21 outbreak episodes of bacteremia had a autolimited form and low mortality (4.8%). CONCLUSIONS A. xylosoxidans is a microorganism with demonstrated capacity of cause bacteremia, mainly in immunocompromised hosts, with high mortality rates. Sometimes, it causes outbreaks of bacteremia with low mortality.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009894	Opportunistic Infections	An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.	Infection, Opportunistic,Infections, Opportunistic,Opportunistic Infection
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D011379	Prognosis	A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.	Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D001943	Breast Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D002405	Catheterization, Central Venous	Placement of an intravenous CATHETER in the subclavian, jugular, or other central vein.	Central Venous Catheterization,Venous Catheterization, Central,Catheterization, Central,Central Catheterization,Catheterizations, Central,Catheterizations, Central Venous,Central Catheterizations,Central Venous Catheterizations,Venous Catheterizations, Central
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D003428	Cross Infection	Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.	Hospital Infections,Nosocomial Infections,Health Care Associated Infection,Health Care Associated Infections,Healthcare Associated Infections,Infection, Cross,Infections, Hospital,Infections, Nosocomial,Cross Infections,Healthcare Associated Infection,Hospital Infection,Infection, Healthcare Associated,Infection, Hospital,Infection, Nosocomial,Infections, Cross,Infections, Healthcare Associated,Nosocomial Infection